Table 3.

Effects of some predictors on positive (PMH) and negative (NMH) mental health, both crude and adjusted for one another

	Crude effect a				Adjusted effect a
Predictor	PMH	NMH	Diff b	χ 2c	PMH	NMH	Diff b	χ 2c
Female Sex	−.177*	.438*	−.261	395*	−.124*	.308*	−.184	62.8*
Age	−.132*	.002	.130	59.9*	−.206*	.054	.152	23.0*
Country of birthd
Nordic	−.056	.042	.014	1.13	.045	−.013	.032	1.15
European	.053	.068†	−.015	0.02	.052	.026	.026	0.13
Other	−.129*	.249*	−.120	19.5*	−.052	.026	.026	1.59
Housinge
Rented	−.136*	.199*	−.063	11.3*	−.008	.052†	−.044	5.32†
Other	−.068*	.156*	−.088	26.4*	.030	.041	−.011	0.02
Employmentf
Employed	.070*	−.216*	−.146	89.0*	.149*	−.230*	−.081	6.11†
Unemployed	−.326*	.308*	.018	9.86†	−.105†	.014	.091	10.7†
Sickness benefit/disability pension	−.934*	.976*	−.042	4.97†	−.588*	.405*	.183	26.2*
Other	−.019	.036†	−.017	0.60	.113*	−.160*	−.047	0.94
Economic strain	−.351*	.569*	−.218	187*	−.072*	.208*	−.136	38.2*
Emotional support	.500*	−.573*	−.073	1.02	.340*	−.350*	−.010	2.47
Practical support	.693*	−.814*	−.121	0.51	.261*	−.224*	.037	3.82
Interpersonal trust	.329*	−.473*	−.144	67.7*	.171*	−.188*	−.017	1.39
Community trust	.303*	−.444*	−.141	18.3*	.046	−.156*	−.110	7.49†
Participation	.237*	−.148*	.089	21.3*	.120†	−.028	.092	6.09†
Healthy eating	.119*	.013	.106	22.5*	.070†	.005	.065	3.72
Physical activity	.395*	−.463*	−.068	1.37	.227*	−.215*	.012	3.76
Alcohol cons.	−.092*	.146*	−.054	6.70†	−.086†	.119*	−.033	1.28
Risky alc. cons.	−.152*	.275*	−.123	49.5*	−.053†	.069*	−.016	0.08
Gambling	.031†	.051*	−.020	0.47	.168*	.027	.141	4.51†
Risky gambling	−.236*	.379*	−.143	9.74†	−.090†	.216*	−.126	7.79†
Smoking	−.165*	.244*	−.079	18.2*	−.026	.011	.015	0.53
Humiliation	−.737*	1.262*	−.525	541*	−.397*	.692*	−.295	56.9*
Threat	−.392*	.618*	−.226	92.0*	−.090†	.108*	−.018	1.01
Violence	−.281*	.419*	−.138	26.5*	−.015	.015	.000	1.01
Suicide ideation	−.781*	1.269*	−.488	461*	−.349*	.720*	−.371	107*
Suicide attempt	−.937*	1.418*	−.481	163*	−.075	−.058	.017	1.08

^† p < .05; *p < .001; ^aThe effects stand for the predicted difference, in SD, in mental health between the highest and lowest values of the predictors; ^bDifference between the absolute values of the effects; ^cChi square value for the difference between the effects, a significant value indicates that one of the effects is stronger (deviates more from zero) than the other effect; ^dReference category = Sweden; ^eReference category = own; ^fReference category = student.

The difference between the absolute values of these effects is also presented.