FIG. 1.

(A) Ultrathin 17-gauge third-generation cryoneedles were inserted under transrectal ultrasonography guidance, approximately 1 cm apart from the urethra, 5 mm from the prostate capsule and 1 cm from each other. Up to 5 thermosensors were placed midgland, at the level of the external sphincter, left neurovascular bundle, right neurovascular bundle, and Denonvilliers' fascia. (B) Flexible cystoscopy was performed to ensure that none of the needles had inadvertently pierced the urethra. (C) Two freeze-thaw cycles were performed under transrectal ultrasonography guidance. (D) After the cryoneedles were removed, gentle pressure was applied to the perineum for 2 to 5 minutes to minimize bleeding.