TABLE 3—
Changes in Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior, Urine Opioid Test Results, and HIV Prevalence in Intervention and Control Areas: Community Mobilization to Reduce Drug Use; Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam; 2003–2009
| Intervention Commune |
Comparison Commune |
|||||||
| Variable | Baseline Survey 12/03 (n = 614), % (No.) | Assessment Survey 3/09 (n = 565), % (No.) | Prevalence Change, % Points | Baseline Survey 12/03 (n = 583), % (No.) | Assessment Survey 3/09 (n = 574), % (No.) | Prevalence Change, % Points | Ratio of Prevalence Ratiosa (95% CI) | P |
| Knowledge | ||||||||
| Knew that an HIV-infected person can have a healthy appearance | 65.6 (386/588) | 72.9 (409/561) | 7.3 | 62.6 (356/569) | 72.9 (417/572) | 10.3 | 1.0 (0.9, 1.1) | .4 |
| Correctly identified all listed possible routes of HIV transmission | 80.9 (473/585) | 83.1 (466/561) | 2.2 | 81.5 (463/568) | 78.3 (448/572) | −3.2 | 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) | .1 |
| Correctly identified 3 main measures for prevention of HIV transmission | 80.2 (457/570) | 80.8 (442/547) | 0.6 | 78.1 (438/561) | 78.0 (428/549) | −0.1 | 1.0 (0.9, 1.1) | .83 |
| Perceived attitude of the local government and people | ||||||||
| Drug users are currently seen as criminals who need to be controlled harshly | 31.5 (185/587) | 15.9 (89/561) | −15.7 | 31.1 (177/570) | 21.4 (122/571) | −9.7 | 0.7 (0.5, 1.0) | .04 |
| HIV-infected people are not allowed to work in public places | 35.1 (206/587) | 15.1 (85/561) | −19.9 | 27.4 (156/570) | 10.7 (61/571) | −16.7 | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | .58 |
| Distributing clean needles and syringes to injecting drug users is acceptable | 50.6 (297/587) | 63.3 (354/559) | 12.7 | 46.3 (263/568) | 37.0 (211/571) | −9.4 | 1.6 (1.3, 1.9) | < .001 |
| Behavior | ||||||||
| Used condom in last sexual intercourse with any female partner in past 12 mo | 59.3 (54/91) | 66.1 (80/121) | 6.8 | 58.0 (40/69) | 64.0 (87/136) | 6.0 | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | .95 |
| Used condom in last intercourse with a female sex worker in past 12 mo | 88.5 (23/26) | 100.0 (24/24) | 11.5 | 93.8 (15/16) | 92.9 (13/14) | −0.9 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | .28 |
| Used condom in last intercourse with a casual female sex partner in past 12 mo | 42.9 (9/21) | 74.2 (23/31) | 31.3 | 70.0 (14/20) | 76.9 (20/26) | 6.9 | 1.6 (0.8, 3.0) | .16 |
| Reported current use of any drug | 1.0 (6/614) | 1.2 (7/565) | 0.3 | 1.2 (7/583) | 1.2 (7/574) | 0 | 1.2 (0.3, 5.6) | .77 |
| Reported current heroin use | 0.7 (4/614) | 0 (0/565) | −0.7 | 1.2 (7/583) | 0.2 (1/574) | −1.0 | NA | NA |
| Reported current injecting use | 0.7 (4/614) | 0.4 (2/565) | −0.3 | 1.0 (6/582) | 0 (0/574) | −1.0 | NA | NA |
| Injected drugs at least once in past month | 1.1 (7/614) | 0 (0/565) | −1.1 | 0.9 (5/583) | 0 (0/574) | −0.9 | NA | NA |
| Urine test opioid-positive | 2.4 (15/614) | 1.1 (6/564) | −1.4 | 2.9 (17/583) | 1.9 (11/574) | −1.0 | 0.7 (0.2, 2.2) | .5 |
| HIV-positive | 2.3 (14/614) | 0 (0/564) | −2.3 | 2.2 (13/583) | 0.3 (2/574) | −1.9 | NA | NA |
Note. CI = confidence interval; NA = not available.
a
A ratio of < 1 indicates that the prevalence ratio (assessment vs baseline) for the intervention group is lower than that for the control group, and vice versa. Some ratios and the corresponding CIs and P values are left blank because they cannot be calculated when there is at least 1 zero prevalence in the same data line.