TABLE 4—

IQ Subtest Scores by Fluoride Exposure: Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study; Dunedin, New Zealand; 1972–2012

	Verbal Comprehension Index		Perceptual Reasoning Index		Working Memory Index		Processing Speed Index
Exposure	Mean (SD)	P	Mean (SD)	P	Mean (SD)	P	Mean (SD)	P
Area of residence in childhood		.51		.18		.12		.47
Area with CWF	100.1 (14.9)		100.2 (15.1)		100.3 (15.0)		100.1 (15.1)
Area without CWF	98.9 (15.5)		98.0 (14.1)		97.7 (15.0)		98.9 (14.3)
Fluoride toothpaste in childhood		.97		.96		.61		.87
Always	100.0 (15.0)		100.0 (15.2)		99.8 (14.8)		100.1 (15.1)
Sometimes/never	100.0 (15.0)		100.0 (14.7)		100.3 (15.1)		99.9 (14.9)
Fluoride tablets in childhood		.59		.86		.66		.51
Ever	99.3 (14.7)		100.2 (15.7)		99.5 (15.6)		100.8 (15.5)
Never	100.1 (15.1)		100.0 (14.9)		100.1 (14.9)		99.9 (14.9)

Note. CWF = community water fluoridation.