Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Sample
| Comparison (n = 87) | Treatment (n = 250) | Statistic | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | Total (n = 337) | CLR (n = 87) | CHR (n = 205) | EFEP (n = 45) | ||
| Age (mean, SD) | 16.56 (3.28) | 16.23 (3.18) | 16.40 (3.30) | 17.93 (3.10) | F = 4.72 | .01 |
| Female, n (%) | 134 (40) | 26 (30) | 89 (43) | 19 (42) | χ 2 = 4.80 | .09 |
| Caucasian, n (%) | 208 (62) | 62 (71) | 125 (61) | 21 (47) | χ 2 = 7.70 | <.03 |
| African-American, n (%) | 31 (9) | 5 (6) | 16 (8) | 10 (22) | χ 2 = 10.86 | < .01 |
| Asian-American, n (%) | 13 (4) | 4 (5) | 9 (4) | 0 (0) | χ 2 = 2.09 | .35 |
| Hispanic, n (%) | 47 (15) | 8 (9) | 33 (17) | 6 (16) | χ 2 = 2.66 | .27 |
| Married, n (%) | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | χ 2 = 0.77 | .68 |
| In school/working, n (%) | 280 (83) | 73 (84) | 171 (84) | 36 (80) | χ 2 = 0.40 | .82 |
| Income (dollars) | 40K–50K | 50K–60K | 40K–50K | 30K–40K | F = 3.53 | .03 |
| Mother’s age | 45.79 (8.11) | 46.09 (7.41) | 45.96 (8.52) | 44.53 (7.45) | F = 0.54 | .58 |
| Mother’s years education | 14.13 (2.53) | 14.58 (2.32) | 13.91 (2.69) | 14.32 (2.06) | F = 1.80 | .17 |
| Father’s age | 49.20 (8.14) | 51.16 (7.17) | 48.52 (8.59) | 47.81 (7.39) | F = 1.83 | .17 |
| Father’s years education | 14.68 (2.10) | 14.71 (2.10) | 14.76 (2.02) | 14.13 (2.41) | F = 0.65 | .53 |
| SCID-IV diagnoses | ||||||
| No diagnosis | 47 (14%) | 19 (22%) | 28 (14%) | 0 (0%) | χ2 = 11.69 | <.01 |
| Any Axis I, current or lifetime | 284 (84%) | 67 (78%) | 173 (86%) | 44 (100%) | χ2 = 11.69 | <.01 |
| Mood disorder | 141 (42%) | 32 (37%) | 101 (50%) | 8 (18%) | χ2 = 16.56 | <.01 |
| Bipolar | 16 (5%) | 2 (2%) | 11 (5%) | 3 (7%) | χ2 = 1.73 | .42 |
| Major depression | 114 (34%) | 27 (31%) | 83 (41%) | 4 (9%) | χ2 = 17.06 | <.01 |
| Anxiety disorder | 120 (36%) | 26 (30%) | 84 (42%) | 10 (23%) | χ2 = 7.50 | <.03 |
| PTSD | 28 (8%) | 1 (1%) | 25 (12%) | 2 (5%) | χ2 = 10.89 | <.01 |
| Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder | 24 (7%) | 3 (3%) | 20 (10%) | 1 (2%) | χ2 = 5.61 | <.07 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 27 (8%) | 5 (6%) | 18 (9%) | 4 (9%) | χ2 = 0.85 | .65 |
| Substance abuse | 28 (8%) | 8 (9%) | 15 (7%) | 5 (11%) | χ2 = 0.82 | .67 |
| Psychosis | 44 (13%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1%) | 41 (93%) | χ2 = 281.2 | <.01 |
| Other | 17 (5%) | 5 (6%) | 10 (5%) | 2 (5%) | χ2 = 0.12 | .94 |
| Psychiatric and medical history | ||||||
| Prior psychiatric hospitalization | 103 (31%) | 21 (24%) | 52 (26%) | 30 (68%) | χ2 = 32.97 | < .01 |
| Outpatient counseling | 240 (72%) | 62 (72%) | 152 (75%) | 26 (59%) | χ2 = 4.48 | < .11 |
| Prior head injury | 44 (13%) | 9 (10%) | 29 (14%) | 6 (13%) | χ2 = 0.78 | .68 |
| Prior antipsychotic medications | 112 (34%) | 23 (27%) | 63 (31%) | 26 (59%) | χ2 = 15.32 | < .01 |
Note: The p values derive from 2 degrees of freedom tests. CHR, clinically higher risk; CLR, clinically lower risk; EFEP, early first-episode psychosis; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; SCID-IV, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Clinician Version IV.