Table 3.
Liver function tests in experimental models of warm ischaemia–reperfusion injury and hepatic steatosis with to ischaemic preconditioning (IPC)
| Authors | Animal | Steatosis model | Steatosis, % | Type of steatosis | Duration of IPC, min | Duration of ischaemia, min (type of ischaemia) | Duration of reperfusion | Results in preconditioned (non-preconditioned) steatotic livers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steenks et al.32 | Rat | Genetic | < 30% | MaS | 10 + 10a | 45 (partial) | 60 min | ALT: 4100 ± 1500 (2500 ± 200 U/l) AST: similar to ALT findings |
| Saidi et al.33 | Rat | Genetic | 30–60% | MaS | 10 + 15b | 75 (partial) | 180 min | AST: 3285 ± 122.3 (5436.3 ± 984.7 U/l)d |
| Koti et al.26 | Rat | HC | 30–60% | MaS | 5 + 10c | 45 (partial) | 120 min | ALT: 474.8 ± 122.3 (5436.3 ± 984.7 U/l)d AST: 630.8 ± 76.9 (3166.3 ± 379.6 U/l)d |
| Hafez et al.25 | Rabbit | HC | 40–60% | MaS | 5 + 10c | 60 (partial) | 420 min | ALT: 54 ± 14 (178 ± 34 IU/l)d AST: 199 ± 33 (406 ± 86 IU/l)d |
| Tacchini et al.24 | Rat | Genetic | 60–70% | MaS | 5 + 10c | 60 (partial) | 360 min 24 h | ALT: 675 ± 100 (400 ± 50 U/l)d ALT: 152 ± 51 (405 ± 101 U/l)d |
| Serafin et al.27 | Rat | Genetic | 60–70% | Mixed | 5 + 10c | 60 (partial) | 360 min | ALT: 205 ± 53 (1003 ± 152 U/l)d |
| Casillas-Ramirez et al28 | Rat | Genetic | 60–70% | Mixed | 5 + 10c | 60 (partial) | 24 h | ALT: 310 ± 49 (2708 ± 301 U/l)d |
| Massip-Salcedo et al.29 | Rat | Genetic | 60–70% | Mixed | 5 + 10c | 60 (partial) | 24 h | ALT: 408 ± 59 (2505 ± 310 U/l)d |
| Massip-Salcedo et al.30 | Rat | Genetic | 60–70% | Mixed | 5 + 10c | 60 (partial) | 360 min 24 h | ALT: 180 ± 21 (3502 ± 501 U/l)d ALT: 255 ± 110 (2502 ± 508 U/l)d |
| Serafin et al.15 | Rat | Genetic | 60–70% | Mixed | 5 + 10c 0 + 10a 10 + 15b |
60 (partial) | 24 h | ALT: 153 ± 23 (405 ± 75 U/l)d ALT: 370 ± 102 U/l ALT: 273 ± 25 U/ld |
| Rolo et al.31 | Rat | CDD | 70% | MiS2 | 5 + 10c | 90 (partial) | 720 min | ALT: 705 ± 18 (1801 ± 10 IU/l)d AST: 953 ± 102 (1802 ± 203 IU/l)d |
| Selzner et al.34 | Mouse | CDD | 70% | MiS | 10 + 10a | 75 (partial) | 240 min 24 h | AST: 8010 ± 1008 (15508 ± 501 U/l)d AST: 4008 (13510 ± 2050 U/l)d |
| Selzner et al.16 | Mouse | Genetic or CDD | 58% (genetic) 70% (CDD) | MaS MiS | 10 + 10a | 45 (partial) | 24 h | AST: 13620 ± 4692 (19940 ± 4471 U/l) AST: 3975 ± 869 (8025 ± 998 U/l)d |
a
10 min total ischaemia + 10 min reperfusion.
b
5 min total ischaemia + 15 min reperfusion.
c
5 min total ischaemia + 10 min reperfusion.
d
P < 0.05 versus non-preconditioned steatotic livers (results shown as mean ± standard error of the mean).
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CDD, choline-deficient diet; HC, high cholesterol; MaS, macrovesicular steatosis; MiS, microvesicular steatosis; Mixed, presence of both macrovesicular and microvesicular steatosis.