Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics

	All Cases		Laparoscopic		Robotic		P
Age	59.5	(9.9)	60.6	(9.2)	58.5	(10.5)	0.351
BMI	27.7	(5.7)	27	(4.7)	28.2	(6.6)	0.292
Parity	2.7	(1.2)	2.7	(1.3)	2.6	(1.1)	0.723
Study site
Loyola	56	72%	28	74%	28	70%	0.804
UCLA/Cedars-Sinai	22	28%	10	26%	12	30%
More than high school education	50	64%	24	63%	26	65%	0.999
Race
African American	5	6%	1	3%	4	10%	0.676
Caucasian	71	91%	36	95%	35	88%
Other	2	3%	1	3%	1	3%
Hispanic ethnicity	4	5%	2	5%	2	5%	0.999
Household income
< $50,000	29	37%	18	47%	11	28%	0.148
$50,000 to $75,000	22	28%	11	29%	11	28%
$75,000 or more	23	30%	8	21%	15	38%
Major comorbidities
Diabetes	9	12%	3	8%	6	15%	0.482
Heart attack	6	8%	1	3%	5	13%	0.201
Stroke	2	3%	2	5%	0	0%	0.234
Asthma, emphysema	16	21%	6	16%	10	25%	0.404
Cancers	14	18%	6	16%	8	20%	0.628
Stomach ulcer, IBS	17	22%	7	18%	10	25%	0.587
Postmenopausal	58	74%	29	76%	29	73%	0.798
Current estrogen therapy (local or systemic)	17	22%	11	29%	6	15%	0.174
Previous surgery for UI	12	15%	7	18%	5	13%	0.541
Previous surgery for POP	16	21%	8	21%	8	20%	0.999
Prior Hysterectomy	33	42%	19	50%	14	35%	0.252
Concurrent procedures at surgery
Hysterectomy	45	58%	20	53%	25	63%	0.492
Retropubic midurethral sling	47	60%	21	55%	26	65%	0.488
Anterior or posterior repair	5	6%	4	11%	1	3%	0.195

BMI, body mass index; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; UI, urinary incontinence; POP, pelvic organ prolapse. Data are mean±standard deviation or n(%) unless otherwise specified.