Table 1.
Summary of literature review (2004-2014)
| Cancer | Essential oil or compound tested | Plant family | Cell line used | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brain | Croton regelianus and ascaridole compound | Euphorbiaceae | SF-295 (IC50 = 48.0 μg/ml and 8.4 μg/ml respectively) | [97] |
| Brain (glioblastoma) | Afrostyrax lepidophyllus and Scorodophloeus zenkeri | Huaceae and Caesalpiniaceae (Fabaceae) | T98G (IC50 = 15.4 μg/ml and 12.4 μg/ml respectively) | [10] |
| Brain (glioblastoma) | α-Bisabolol | --- | T67 and C6: 50% of cell death after 24 h treatment with 2.5 µM | [94] |
| Brain (glioblastoma) | Casearia sylvestris | Salicaceae | U87 (IC50 = 27.1 μg/ml) | [42] |
| Brain (glioblastoma) | O. basilicum, L. multiflora, A. conizoides, and Z. officiniale | Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Asteraceae and Zingiberaceae respectively | SF-767 (0.30, 0.31, 0.43 and 0.48 mg/ml respectively) and SF-763 (0.43, 0.47, 0.38 and 0.44 respectively) | [36] |
| Brain (glioma) | Malus domestica | Rosaceae | C-6 (1 mg/ml = 58.5% inhibition) | [51] |
| Breast | Afrostyrax lepidophyllus and Scorodophloeus zenkeri | Huaceae and Caesalpiniaceae (Fabaceae) | MDA-MB 231 (IC50 = 10.9 μg/ml and 8.0 μg/ml, respectively) | [10] |
| Breast | Satureja khuzistanica | Lamiaceae | MCF7 (IC50 = 125 μg/ml) | [8] |
| Breast | Casearia sylvestris | Salicaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 42.2 μg/ml) | [42] |
| Breast | Cedrelopsis grevei | Rutaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 21.5 mg/L) | [43] |
| Breast | Solanium spirale Roxb. | Solanaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 19.69 μg/ml) | [44] |
| Breast | carbazole alkaloids | --- | MCF-7 (IC50 = 2.12 μg/ml) | [98] |
| Breast | Helichrysum gymnocephalum | Asteraceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 16 μg/ml) | [99] |
| Breast | Pituranthos tortuosus (Desf.) | Apiaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 3.38 μg/ml) | [54] |
| Breast | Melaleuca armillaris | Myrtaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 12 μg/ml) | [100] |
| Breast | Rosmarinus officinalis | Lamiaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 190.1 μg/ml) | [101] |
| Breast | Schinus molle L. and Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi | Anacardiaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 54 mg/ml and 47 mg/ml, respectively) | [102] |
| Breast | Erigeron acris L. | Asteraceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 14.5 μg/ml) | [103] |
| Breast | Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. | Thymelaeaceae | MCF-7 (99.6% inhibition at 500 μg/ml) | [104] |
| Breast | Thymus vulgaris L. | Lamiaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.030% (v/v)) | [32] |
| Breast | Aristolochia mollissima rhizome and the aerial part | Aristolochiaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 20.6 and 21.1 μg/ml respectively) and MDA-MB-435S (IC50 = 22.1 and 20.3 μg/ml respectively) | [59] |
| Breast | Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) | Araliaceae | MCF-7 (IC50 = 7.3 μg/ml) | [72] |
| Breast | β-caryophyllene oxide | --- | MDA-MB-231 | [78] |
| Breast (mouse) | Angelica archangelica fruits from separate locations A, B and C | Apiaceae | Crl (IC50 = 47.7; 91.8 and 63.6 μg/ml respectively) | [71] |
| Cervix | Liquidambar styraciflua leaf and stem | Hamamelidaceae | HeLa (IC50 = 136.27 and 119.78 μg/ml respectively) | [56] |
| Cervix | Ocimum basilicum Linn. | Lamiaceae | HeLa (IC50 = 90.5 μg/ml) | [105] |
| Cervix | carbazole alkaloids | --- | HeLa (IC50 = 1.98 μg/ml) | [98] |
| Cervix | Aristolochia mollissima rhizome and the aerial part | Aristolochiaceae | HeLa (IC50 = 38.6 and 50.6 μg/ml respectively) | [59] |
| Ovary | D-Limonene | --- | V79 | [77] |
| Ovary | Malus domestica | Rosaceae | CHOK1 (1000 µg/ml = 68.3% inhibition) | [51] |
| Colon | Kadsura longipedunculata | Schisandraceae | SW-480 (IC50 = 136.62 µg/ml) | [70] |
| Colon | Comptonia peregrina (L.) | Myricaceae | DLD-1 (IC50 = 46 μg/ml) | [106] |
| Colon | Satureja khuzistanica | Lamiaceae | SW480 (IC50 = 62.5 μg/ml) | [8] |
| Colon | 1,8 cineol | --- | HCT116 and RKO | [9] |
| Colon | Artemisia indica | Asteraceae | Caco-2 (IC50 = 19.5 μg/ml) | [11] |
| Colon | Pituranthos tortuosus (Desf.) | Apiaceae | HCT116 (IC50 = 1.34 μg/ml) | [54] |
| Colon | Croton regelianus and ascaridole compound | Euphorbiaceae | HCT-8 (IC50 = 40.0 μg/ml and 18.4 μg/ml respectively) | [97] |
| Colon | Cymbopogon flexuosus | Poaceae | 502713 (IC50 = 4.2 µg/ml) | [107] |
| Colon | Eugenol | --- | SNU-C5 (IC50 = 129.4 μM) | [89] |
| Colon | Geraniol and 5-fluorouracil | --- | Caco-2 (IC50 = 250 and 0.4 µM respectively) and SW620 (IC50 = 330 and 2.0 µM respectively) | [96] |
| Colon | Afrostyrax lepidophyllus and Scorodophloeus zenkeri | Huaceae and Caesalpiniaceae (Fabaceae) | HCT116 (IC50 = 12.4 μg/ml and 8.5 μg/ml respectively) | [10] |
| Colon | Athanasia brownii Hochr. | Asteraceae | HCT 116 (IC50 = 29.53 μg/ml) | [40] |
| Kidney | Platycladus orientalis and Prangos asperula | Cupressaceae and Apiaceae | ACHN (IC50 = 121.93 and 139.17 µg/ml respectively) | [5] |
| Kidney | Laurus nobilis | Lauraceae | ACHN (IC50 = 78.24 μg/ml) | [67] |
| Kidney | Aristolochia mollissima rhizome and the aerial part | Aristolochiaceae | ACHN (IC50 = 22.3 and 33.8 μg/ml respectively) | [59] |
| Kidney | Satureja khuzistanica | Lamiaceae | Vero (IC50 = 31.26 μg/ml) | [8] |
| Leukaemia | Cymbopogon flexuosus and isointermedeol | Poaceae | HL-60 (IC50 = 30 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml, respectively) | [80] |
| Leukaemia | Casearia sylvestris | Salicaceae | HL-60 (IC50 = 29 μg/ml) | [42] |
| Leukaemia | Artemisia indica | Asteraceae | THP-1 (IC50 = 10 μg/ml) | [11] |
| Leukaemia | Malus domestica | Rosaceae | THP-1 (1000 µg/ml = 68.3% inhibition) | [51] |
| Leukaemia | carbazole alkaloids | --- | P388 (IC50 = 5.00 μg/ml) | [98] |
| Leukaemia | Croton regelianus and ascaridole compound | Euphorbiaceae | HL-60 (IC50 = 22.2 μg/ml and 6.32 μg/ml respectively) | [97] |
| Leukaemia (Promyelocytic) | Eugenol | --- | HL-60 (IC50 = 23.7 μM) | [89] |
| Leukaemia (mouse) | Ocimum basilicum L | Lamiaceae | P388 (IC50 = 0.0362 mg/ml) | [108] |
| Liver | Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frodin | Araliaceae | HepG2 (IC50 = 6.9 μg/ml) | [72] |
| Liver | Curcuma wenyujin | Zingiberaceae | HepG2 (IC50 = 70 μg/ml) | [109] |
| Liver | Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Rosc. | Zingiberaceae | SMMC-7721 (IC50 = 30.7 μg/ml) | [110] |
| Liver | Patrinia scabra Bunge | Caprifoliaceae | Bel-7402 (IC50 = 16 μg/ml) | [52] |
| Liver | Eugenol | --- | HepG2 (IC50 = 118.6 μM) and U-937 (IC50 = 39.4 μM) | [89] |
| Liver | Thymus citriodorus | Lamiaceae | HepG2 (IC50 = 0.34% v/v) | [53] |
| Liver | Artemisia indica | Asteraceae | HEP-2 (IC50 = 15.5 μg/ml) | [11] |
| Liver | Pituranthos tortuosus (Desf.) | Apiaceae | HEPG2 (IC50 = 1.67 μg/ml) | [54] |
| Liver | Kadsura longipedunculata | Schisandraceae | HepG2 (IC50 = 136.96 µg/ml) | [70] |
| Liver | Aristolochia mollissima rhizome and the aerial part | Aristolochiaceae | Bel-7402 (IC50 = 33.1 and 49.5 μg/ml respectively) and Hep G2 (IC50 = 33.2 and 40.7 μg/ml respectively) | [59] |
| Lung | Artemisia indica | Asteraceae | A-549 (IC50 = 25 μg/ml) | [11] |
| Lung | Tridax procumbens | Asteraceae | B16F-10 in vitro (70.2% of inhibition for 50 µg) and in vivo | [61] |
| Lung (small cell) | Solanium spirale Roxb. | Solanaceae | NCI-H187 (IC50 = 24.02 μg/ml) | [44] |
| Lung | Malus domestica | Rosaceae | A549 (1000 µg/ml = 60.7% inhibition) | [51] |
| Lung | Thymus vulgaris L. | Lamiaceae | A549 (IC50 = 0.011% (v/v)) | [32] |
| Lung | Comptonia peregrina (L.) | Myricaceae | A-549 (IC50 = 66 μg/ml) | [106] |
| Lung | Xylopia frutescens Aubl. | Annonaceae | NCI-H358M (IC50 = 24.6 μg/ml) | [60] |
| Mouth epidermal carcinoma | Psidium guajava L | Myrtaceae | KB (IC50 = 0.0379 mg/ml) | [108] |
| Multiple myeloma | β-caryophyllene oxide | --- | U266 and MM1.S | [78] |
| Nasopharyngeal cancer | Centipeda minima | Asteraceae | CNE (IC50 = 5.2 μg/ml after 72 hrs) | [111] |
| Neuroblastoma | Cymbopogon flexuosus | Poaceae | IMR-32 (IC50 = 4.7 µg/ml) | [107] |
| Oral cancer | Solanium spirale Roxb. | Solanaceae | KB (IC50 = 26.42 μg/ml) | [44] |
| Oral cancer | Salvia officinalis | Lamiaceae | UMSSC1 (IC50 = 135 μg/ml) | [112] |
| Oral cancer | Levisticum officinale | Apiaceae | HNSCC (IC50 = 292.6 μg/ml) | [65] |
| Ovary | Patrinia scabra Bunge | Caprifoliaceae | HO-8910 (IC50 = 21 μg/ml) | [52] |
| Ovary | Cymbopogon citratus | Poaceae | Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) | [50] |
| Pancreas | Angelica archangelica fruits from separate locations A, B and C | Apiaceae | PANC-1 (IC50 = 58.4; 108.3 and 48.6 μg/ml respectively) | [71] |
| Pancreas | Kadsura longipedunculata | Schisandraceae | MIA PaCa-2 (IC50 = 133.53 µg/ml) | [70] |
| Prostate | Xylopia frutescens Aubl | Annonaceae | PC-3M (IC50 = 40 μg/ml) and in vivo at 37.5% of inhibition | [60] |
| Prostate | Nagami kumquats | Rutaceae | LNCaP (200 ppm = 55, 61 and 63.4 % inhibition at 24, 48, 72 h | [113] |
| Prostate | Rosmarinus officinalis | Lamiaceae | LNCaP (IC50 = 180.9 μg/ml) | [101] |
| Prostate | a-humulene | --- | LNCaP (IC50 = 11.24 μg/ml) | [67] |
| Prostate | β-caryophyllene oxide | --- | DU145 | [78] |
| Prostate | Thymus vulgaris L. | Lamiaceae | PC-3 (IC50 = 0.010% (v/v)) | [32] |
| Prostate | O. basilicum, L. multiflora, A. conizoides, and Z. officiniale | Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Asteraceae and Zingiberaceae respectively | LNCaP (0.46, 0.58, 0.35 and 0.38 mg/ml respectively) and PC3 (0.45, 0.30, 0.49 and 0.42 respectively) | [36] |
| Skin (melanoma) | Athanasia brownii Hochr. | Asteraceae | A375 (IC50 = 19.85 μg/ml) | [40] |
| Skin (melanoma) | Afrostyrax lepidophyllus and Scorodophloeus zenkeri | Huaceae and Caesalpiniaceae (Fabaceae) | A375 (IC50 =20.6 μg/ml and 17.7 μg/ml respectively) | [10] |
| Skin (melanoma) | Casearia sylvestris | Salicaceae | A2058 (IC50 = 41.1 μg/ml) | [42] |
| Skin (melanoma) | Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Rosc. | Zingiberaceae | B16BL6 (IC50 = 41.8 μg/ml) | [110] |
| Skin (melanoma) | Croton regelianus and ascaridole compound | Euphorbiaceae | MDA-MB-435 (IC50 = 47.3 μg/ml and 10.5 μg/ml respectively) | [97] |
| Skin (melanoma) | Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) | Araliaceae | A375 (IC50 = 7.5 μg/ml) | [72] |
| Skin (amelanotic) | Cupressus sempervirens ssp. pyramidalis | Cupressaceae | C32 (IC50 = 104.90 µg/ml) | [5] |
| Skin (amelanotic) | Laurus nobilis | Lauraceae | C32 (IC50 = 75.45 μg/ml) | [67] |
| Stomach | Nigella sativa seeds | Ranunculaceae | SCL, SCL-6, SCL-37’6, NUGC-4 and Kato-3 (IC50 = 155.02; 185.77; 120.40; 384.53 and 286.83 respectively) | [114] |
| Uterus | Casearia sylvestris | Salicaceae | Siha (IC50 = 23.9 μg/ml) | [42] |