Table 2.
Association between vascular calcified plaque quintiles and mortality in DHS participants based on Cox Proportional Hazards regression
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause mortality | ||||||
| HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| CAC | 1.57 (1.34-1.76) | 5.22 × 10−10 | 1.45 (1.24-1.69) | 2.42 × 10−6 | 1.39 (1.18-1.63) | 6.55 × 10−5 |
| CarCP | 1.58 (1.40-1.78) | 1.57 × 10−13 | 1.41 (1.24-1.60) | 1.23 × 10−7 | 1.36 (1.20-1.55) | 3.28 × 10−6 |
| AACP | 1.55 (1.36-1.77) | 6.22 × 10−11 | 1.37 (1.20-1.56) | 3.80 × 10−6 | 1.30 (1.14-1.49) | 0.0001 |
| Multi-bed | 1.65 (1.44-1.90) | 1.60 × 10−12 | 1.49 (1.28-1.72) | 1.70 × 10−7 | 1.42 (1.22-1.66) | 6.11 × 10−6 |
| CVD mortality | ||||||
| CAC | 1.60 (1.31-1.96) | 3.86 × 10−6 | 1.47 (1.18-1.83) | 0.0007 | 1.40 (1.12-1.75) | 0.003 |
| CarCP | 1.72 (1.44-2.07) | 5.92 × 10−9 | 1.49 (1.23-1.81) | 4.83 × 10−5 | 1.46 (1.20-1.77) | 0.0001 |
| AACP | 1.73 (1.39-2.16) | 7.77 × 10−7 | 1.49 (1.18-1.88) | 0.0009 | 1.44 (1.14-1.81) | 0.002 |
| Multi-bed | 1.91 (1.52-2.39) | 1.87 × 10−8 | 1.68 (1.33-2.12) | 1.57 × 10−5 | 1.63 (1.29-2.07) | 5.11 × 10−5 |
Hazard Ratios (HR) and confidence intervals (CI) are for each incremental increase in calcified plaque quintiles.
Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age and sex; Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and anti-hypertensive medication use.
CAC: coronary artery calcified plaque; CarCP: carotid artery calcified plaque; AACP – abdominal aortic calcified plaque.