Fig. 1.

Average fluorescence lifetimes of wild type (black), npq1 (blue), npq4 (red), and npq1 npq4 (purple) are shown as closed circles. The gray open circles indicate the two similar average fluorescence lifetimes that are used to compare the shapes of the fluorescence lifetime decays. Circles 1, 2A and 2B, and 3 indicate comparisons between wild-type and npq4 dark-adapted leaves and during the first and second illumination periods, respectively. Circles 4, 5, and 6 correspond to comparisons between npq1 and npq1 npq4 for dark-adapted leaves, and during the first and second illumination periods, respectively. (Top) Actinic light on (white bar) and off (black bar). (Insets) Zoomed-in portions of the average fluorescence lifetimes. Leaves were illuminated with 500 μmol photons⋅m⁻²⋅s⁻¹ actinic light.