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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 16.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Sep 4;96(6):672–683. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2014.174

Figure 4.

Figure 4

SS-31 protects the mitochondrial structure in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in diabetic mice. Mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or a diabetic diet (DD) starting at 4 weeks of age. The DD mice also received streptozotocin (STZ) at 8 weeks to reduce insulin secretion (DD+STZ). These mice then received saline or SS-31 applied as eye drops daily, starting at 12 weeks. Representative electron microscopic images of RPE mitochondria at 32 weeks in (a) ND, (b) DD+STZ plus saline, and (c) DD+STZ plus SS-31 mice. Mitochondria are swollen and lack cristae in DD+STZ mice. SS-31-treated mitochondria retained their normal structure and cristae architecture.