Table 2.

Mean and SD of Measures of depressive symptom severity (QIDS-SR), and quality of life (Q-LES-Q), with Mean (SD) of Change, and Effect Sizes or ES (Dunlap corrected)

Level*	N	QIDS-SR				Q-LES-Q
		Entry Mean (SD)	Exit Mean (SD)	Change Mean (SD)	p (ES)	Entry Mean (SD)	Exit Mean (SD)	Change Mean (SD)	p (ES)
1	2,280	15.4 (4.8)	9.5 (6.5)	−6.1 (6.5)	< 0.001 (1.05)	41.5 (14.2)	56.6 (21.9)	15.1 (19.4)	< 0.001 (0.78)
2	749	14.3 (4.7)	10.5 (6.5)	−3.8 (5.8)	< 0.001 (0.65)	42.1 (15.5)	51.5 (20.1)	9.5 (17.5)	0.001 (0.52)
3	190	15.5 (4.8)	13.1 (6.3)	−2.4 (5.6)	< 0.001 (0.42)	38.8 (14.7)	42.2 (18.1)	3.4 (15.2)	0.002 (0.20)
4	56	16.4 (4.6)	12.3 (6.5)	−4.1 (6.3)	< 0.001 (0.71)	36.8 (14.3)	44.0 (19.4)	7.2 (15.6)	0.001 (0.41)
12-m. f/u	414	5.6 (3.7)	7.7 (5.7)	2.2 (5.1)	< 0.001 (0.43)	67.1 (17.8)	59.7 (20.6)	−7.4 (16.1)	< 0.001 (−0.38)

P values are considered significant at 0.01 or less (Bonferroni-adjusted), Effect sizes are Dunlap corrected for correlated designs (Dunlap et al., 1996).

^*Values compared between entry and exit at each level and between entry to follow-up and exit at 12 months of f/u.

STAR*D Levels:

Level 1: Citalopram monotherapy

Level 2: Switching to sertraline, bupropion SR, venlafaxine XR, or CBT OR Augmenting with bupropion SR, buspirone, or CBT

Level 3: Switching to nortriptyline or mirtazapine OR Augmenting with lithium or T3

Level 4: Switching to tranylcypromine OR Switching to venlafaxine XR + mirtazapine

Abbreviations: QIDS-SR = Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report, Q-LES-Q = Quality of Life measure: Quality of Life, Enjoyment, and Satisfaction Questionnaire – Short Form