Table 3. Association between neighbourhood SES and sleep duration from multilevel multinomial models*.
| Sleep duration | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Very short (<5 h) | Short (5–6.9 h) | Long sleep (≥9 h) | ||||
|
|
|
|
||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Univariate model | ||||||
| Low | 3.39 | 2.30 to 5.01 | 1.70 | 1.36 to 2.12 | 1.05 | 0.66 to 1.69 |
| Medium | 2.44 | 1.67 to 3.58 | 1.43 | 1.15 to 1.78 | 1.25 | 0.81 to 1.91 |
| High | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Full model† | ||||||
| Low | 2.08 | 1.38 to 3.14 | 1.33 | 1.06 to 1.68 | 0.94 | 0.59 to 1.51 |
| Medium | 1.90 | 1.31 to 2.74 | 1.26 | 1.02 to 1.55 | 1.23 | 0.80 to 1.88 |
| High | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Full model plus health factors‡ | ||||||
| Low | 2.12 | 1.41 to 3.19 | 1.35 | 1.06 to 1.71 | 0.99 | 0.62 to 1.59 |
| Medium | 1.82 | 1.25 to 2.64 | 1.24 | 1.00 to 1.53 | 1.22 | 0.80 to 1.87 |
| High | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
*
Reference is normative sleep (7-8.9 h).
†
Model adjusted for age, race, marital status, gender, individual SES, alcohol use, physical activity and smoking status.
‡
Full model further adjusted for antidepressant use, self-perceived stress, obesity, self-rated health, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and sleep medication use.
SES, socioeconomic status.