Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and fluorescent oxidation products of postmenopausal women with and without hip fracture (N=996)
| Hip fracture (N=44) | Non-hip fracture (N=952) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.6 (2.6) | 64.4 (2.5) | 0.604 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.3 (4.4) | 25.7 (4.6) | 0.578 |
| Alcohol intake (g/day)* | 1.7 (0, 5.4) | 1.0 (0, 6.7) | 0.746 |
| Physical activity (MET-hours/week)* | 12.7 (5.4, 21.5) | 10.4 (4.0, 22.2) | 0.533 |
| Total calcium intake (mg/day)* | 874 (657, 1400) | 976 (668, 1343) | 0.333 |
| Total vitamin D intake (IU/day)* | 471 (207, 641) | 299 (186, 533) | 0.197 |
| Total carotenoid intake (1000 IU/day)* | 10.0 (6.5, 12.8) | 9.0 (6.2, 12.8) | 0.518 |
| Fasting status (≥ 8 hours; n, %) | 32 (73%) | 718 (75%) | 0.616 |
| History of osteoporosis (n, %) | 3 (6.8%) | 49 (5.2%) | 0.626 |
| History of hypertension (n, %) | 17 (39%) | 239 (25%) | 0.045 |
| Smokers (n, %) | |||
| Current smokers | 6 (14%) | 167 (18%) | 0.504 |
| Past smokers | 16 (36%) | 379 (40%) | 0.648 |
| Hormone therapy (n, %)£ | 16 (36%) | 360 (38%) | 0.846 |
| Prior fracture (n, %) | 1 (2.3%) | 33 (3.5%) | 0.670 |
| Oxidative stress biomarkers (FI/ml) | |||
| FlOP_360* | 206 (187, 271) | 216 (177, 286) | 0.123 |
| FlOP_320* | 491 (351, 1307) | 402 (300, 664) | 0.031 |
| FlOP_400* | 56.8 (48.7, 79.3) | 61.1 (49.4, 81.1) | 0.355 |
Variables with normal distribution are shown in mean (standard deviation), unless otherwise specified.
*
Variables with skew distribution are shown in median (inter-quartile range).
Abbreviations: FlOP = Fluorescent oxidation products, FI = Fluorescent intensity units, METs = Metabolic equivalents.
£
Postmenopausal hormone therapy.