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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2014 Oct 23;0:168–173. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.10.009

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Autoregressive cross-lagged model of reciprocal relationships between alcohol use and friends' alcohol use.

Note: Coefficients are standardized. Dashed lines are not significant. All paths are adjusted for sex, racial/ethnic minority status, and current age, family income, and marital status. Long – 1 or 2 long DRD4 alleles; Short – two short DRD 4 alleles.

Alcohol use is measured as the log-transformed average number of ounces of ethanol consumed per day in the last month; friends' alcohol use is assessed as a percentage of close friends drinking alcoholic beverages at Wave 4 and as a percentage of close friends considered to be heavy drinkers at Waves 5-7.

*p<.05; **p<.01; ***p<.001.