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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurobiol Aging. 2014 Jul 31;36(1):519–526. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.07.034

Figure 1.

Figure 1

α-Synuclein over-expression leads to activation/phosphorylation of ASK1. (A) NGF-induced differentiation of native PC12 cells and PC12 cells engineered to over-express α-synuclein upon withdrawal of doxycyclin enhances ASK1 phosphorylation. Total ASK1 expression is unchanged. (B) Cerebral cortical tissue lysates of 3-month old α-synuclein transgenic mice have increased p-ASK1 expression compared to wild-type mice. (C) Quantification of p-ASK1 band intensities relative to total ASK1 shown in panel B. *P <0.05. (D) Double immunofluorescence staining of p-ASK1 with NeuN, GFAP (Millipore) and CD11b in the cortex of 3-month old α-synuclein transgenic mice compared to wild-type mice. Increased p-ASK1 signal is detected in neurons but not in astrocytes or microglia in transgenic animals. Scale bar = 50 µm.