Table 4.

The ideal qualities of pre-hospital hemostatic agents.

1. The ability to rapidly stop large vessel arterial and venous bleeding within 2 min through a pool of blood.

2. No requirement for mixing or pre-application preparation.

3. Simplicity of application by wounded victim, buddy or medic.

4. Light weight and durable.

5. Long shelf life greater than 2 years in extreme environments.

6. Safe to use with no risk of injury to tissues or transmission of infection.

7. Inexpensive.