Table 1.
Summary of outcomes* reported by intervention
| Interven- tions |
Primary outcomes | Secondary outcomes | Adverse effects |
Du- ration of hospital- ization or qual- ity of life out- comes |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VA | Time to reso- lution of primary hemor- rhage |
Secondary hemorrhage |
Risk of corneal blood- staining |
Risk of PAS for- mation |
Risk of patho- logic in- crease in IOP or glau- coma |
Risk of optic at- rophy |
||||
| Risk of rebleed |
Time to rebleed |
|||||||||
| Aminocaproic acid vs. placebo | ||||||||||
| Oral aminocaproic acid | ||||||||||
| Christianson 1979 | Not reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Crouch 1976 | Long-term VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Partially reported** | Not reported | Risk of opticatrophy reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Kraft 1987 | Long-term VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Persistent increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Not reported |
| Kutner 1987 | Short-term VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Persistent increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Not reported |
| McGetrick 1983 | Final VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Partially reported** |
| Teboul 1995 | Final VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Not reported | Duration of hospitalization reported |
| Topical aminocaproic acid | ||||||||||
| Karkhaneh 2003 | Reported as NS | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Reported as NS | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Pieramici 2003 | Short-term VA reported | Reported as NS | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Not reported |
| Low-dose vs. standard-dose aminocaproic acid | ||||||||||
| Palmer 1986 | Final VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Duration of hospitalization reported |
| Oral vs. topical aminocaproic acid | ||||||||||
| Crouch 1997 | Final VA reported | Not reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Partially reported** | Not reported | Risk of optic atrophy reported | Adverse effects reported | Not reported |
| Tranexamic acid vs. control | ||||||||||
| Rahmani 1999 | Short-term VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Duration of hospitalization reported |
| Sukumaran 1988 | Short-term VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Vangsted 1983 | Short-term VA reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | No rebleeds occurred | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Not reported | Duration of hospitalization and days off work reported |
| Varnek 1980 | Partially reported** | Not reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Risk of opticatrophy reported | Not reported | Duration of hospitalization reported |
| Welsh 1983 | Not reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Not reported |
| Aminomethylbenzoic acid vs. placebo | ||||||||||
| Liu 2002 | Not reported | Not reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Not reported |
| Corticosteroids vs. control | ||||||||||
| Oral corticosteroids | ||||||||||
| Rahmani 1999 | Short-term VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Adverse effects reported | Duration of hospitalization reported |
| Spoor 1980 | Final VA reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Risk of PAS formation reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Topical corticosteroids | ||||||||||
| Rakusin 1972 | Short-term VA reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Partially reported** | Partially reported** | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Zetterstrom 1969 | Short-term VA reported | Not reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Risk of optic atrophy reported | Not reported | Duration of hospitalization reported |
| Oral aminocaproic acid vs. oral prednisone | ||||||||||
| Farber 1991 | Short-term VA reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Reported as NS | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Conjugated estrogen vs. placebo | ||||||||||
| Spaeth 1966 | Partially reported** | Not reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Partially reported** | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Partially reported** | Partially reported** | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Cycloplegics vs. miotics | ||||||||||
| Bedrossian 1974 | Not reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Rakusin 1972 | Short-term VA reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Reported as NS | Reported as NS | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Aspirin vs. observation | ||||||||||
| Marcus 1988 | Not reported | Not reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Traditional Chinese medicine vs. control treatment | ||||||||||
| Wang 1994 | Partially reported** | Partially reported** | Partially reported** | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Monocular vs. binocular patching | ||||||||||
| Edwards 1973 | Final VA reported | Not reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Time to rebleed reported | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Not reported | Risk of secondary glaucoma reported | Not reported | Not reported | Quality of life outcomes reported |
| Rakusin 1972 | Short-term VA reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Reported as NS | Reported as NS | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Ambulatory vs. conservative treatment | ||||||||||
| Rakusin 1972 | Short-term VA reported | Partially reported** | Risk of rebleed reported | Not reported | Reported as NS | Reported as NS | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Read 1974 | Partially reported | Days to resolution reported | Risk of rebleed reported | Partially reported** | Risk of corneal blood-staining reported | Not reported | Transient increases in IOP reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
| Elevation of the head vs. control | ||||||||||
| Zi 1999 | Not reported | Days to resolution reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Risk of secondary glaucoma reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
*
See Types of outcome measures for detailed descriptions of outcomes.
**
Noted as “partially reported” if some information was reported, but it was insufficient for quantitative data analyses.
IOP: intraocular pressure; NS: not significant; PAS: peripheral anterior synechiae; VA: visual acuity.