Figure 2.

(A–C) Choice repetition probabilities: Average proportion of trials on which participants repeated their previous choice, as a function of outcome (reward vs. no reward) and transition (common vs. rare) at the previous trial. Results are presented for individuals with a low (A, 35–59), medium (B, 59–75), and high (C, 76–98) performance score on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Error bars are subject-based standard errors of the means. (D–E) Individual reward and transition effects and DSST performance: Individual estimates of the main effect of reward (= rewarded − unrewarded; D) and the reward × transition interaction (= rewarded common − rewarded rare − unrewarded common + unrewarded rare; E) on repetition-probabilities (p_repeat: repetition = 1, switch = 0) as a function of individual DSST scores. Lines show the estimated quadratic (D) and linear (E) effects with 95% confidence intervals.