Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Mechanisms of analgesic action of opioids.
AMPA-R = alphaamino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor; CGRP = calcitonin gene-related peptide. (From Fornasari D. (6) Reproduced with permission from Golan DE, Tashjan AH, Armstrong EJ. Principles of Pharmacology. The Pharmaphysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy, 2nd Edition. Baltimore: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2008).
