1a: In Experiment 1, male and female rhesus macaques viewed four images in random order: a black and white male scrotum on a red background, a black and white male scrotum on a blue background, a black and white seashell on a red background, and a black and white seashell on a blue background. In Experiment 2, male and female macaques viewed four images in a random order: a black and white female hindquarter image on a red background, a black and white female hindquarter image on a blue background, a black and white seashell image on a red background, and a black and white seashell image on a blue background. 1b: These images were presented to the subject in a white foamcore box (50 cm long x 5 cm deep x 25 cm tall), with a port through which the image could be displayed. The apparatus was placed ~2 m from the subject.