. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Econ Ageing. 2014 Mar 21;4:26–34. doi: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2014.02.002

Table 5.

Gender difference in late-life cognition by state

		Punjab	Rajasthan	Karnataka	Kerala	F-stat	ALL
immediate recall (a)	men	5.9	5.3	5.2	5.0		5.2
	women	5.3	4.4	4.4	4.7		4.6
	(men - women)	0.6^a,b	0.7^a	0.8^a,b	0.3b	1.82	0.6

delayed recall (b)	men	5.3	3.0	4.7	3.2		3.9
	women	4.4	2.5	4.0	3.1		3.4
	(men - women)	0.9^a	0.5^b,c	0.7^a,b	0.1^c	4.33^**	0.5

episodic memory (a+b)/2	men	5.6	4.2	4.9	4.1		4.6
	women	4.8	3.5	4.2	3.9		4.0
	(men - women)	0.8^a	0.7^a,b	0.7^a	0.2^c	2.90^*	0.6

date naming (c)	men	3.1	2.6	2.8	3.5		2.9
	women	2.7	1.6	2.0	3.2		2.3
	(men - women)	0.4^a,b	1.0^b,c	0.8^b	0.3^a	10.30^***	0.6

naming prime minister (d)	men	0.7	0.3	0.5	0.8		0.5
	women	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.6		0.3
	(men - women)	0.3^a	0.2^a,b	0.3^b	0.2^a,b	2.12	0.2

backward count from 20 (e)	men	1.2	0.7	1.2	1.8		1.1
	women	0.8	0.3	0.8	1.6		0.8
	(men - women)	0.4^a	0.4^a	0.4^a	0.2^a	0.90	0.3

serial 7s (f)	men	2.0	1.4	1.8	2.9		1.9
	women	0.9	0.4	1.4	2.0		1.2
	(men - women)	1.1^a	1.0^a,b	0.4^b	0.9^a,b	2.36^†	0.7

cognition summary index (a+b+c+d+e+f)	men	18.1	13.2	16.3	17.3		15.6
	women	14.4	9.4	12.8	15.4		12.6
	(men - women)	3.7^a	3.8^a	3.3^a,b	1.9^b	2.42^†	3.0

Note. All data are age-adjusted estimates from 2010 LASI

F-stat tests whether gender difference in cognition varies across the states

The different alphabets (a, b, c) indicate statistically difference in pair-wise test of gender difference across the states.

p<.05,

^**

p<.01,

^***

p<.001,

^†

p<.10