Table 3.
Baseline ventricular–vascular function by study group.
| Group 1 (N = 39) |
Group 2 (N = 35) |
Group 3 (N = 28) |
P-values (time effect) | P-values (time × group interaction) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Week 12 | Baseline | Week 12 | Baseline | Week 12 | |||
| Septal wall thickness (cm) | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.002 | 0.24 |
| Posterior wall thickness (cm) | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.57 | 0.73 |
| LV end diastolic dimension (cm) | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.30 |
| LV end systolic dimension (cm) | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.5 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | 0.55 | 0.64 |
| Mean LV end diastolic volume (biplane) | 84.6 ± 22.6 | 91.5 ± 22.1 | 93.0 ± 21.7 | 94.7 ± 22.3 | 91.6 ± 18.7 | 97.5 ± 21.3 | 0.002 | 0.32 |
| Mean LV end systolic volume (biplane) | 35.4 ± 12.4 | 37.8 ± 10.6 | 37.0 ± 10.1 | 38.2 ± 10.7 | 36.9 ± 8.2 | 39.1 ± 12.0 | 0.04 | 0.83 |
| LVEF Simpsons biplane (%) | 56.3 ± 7.6 | 56.3 ± 6.5 | 57.7 ± 6.3 | 58.7 ± 6.6 | 57.2 ± 4.7 | 57.7 ± 7.7 | 0.54 | 0.85 |
| LV outflow tract diameter (mm) | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 0.11 | 0.68 |
| Mitral E wave velocity (cm/s) | 7.2 ± 1.6 | 7.2 ± 1.5 | 7.0 ± 2.0 | 7.1 ± 2.0 | 7.0 ± 2.0 | 7.0 ± 1.4 | 0.74 | 0.81 |
| Mitral A wave velocity (cm/s) | 6.0 ± 2.0 | 6.2 ± 2.2 | 5.6 ± 1.8 | 6.0 ± 1.8 | 5.8 ± 1.7 | 5.9 ± 1.9 | 0.10 | 0.74 |
| Septal e (cm/s) | 6.0 ± 1.5 | 5.7 ± 1.7 | 6.1 ± 2.1 | 6.2 ± 1.7 | 6.0 ± 1.5 | 6.0 ± 1.6 | 0.62 | 0.69 |
| Lateral e (cm/s) | 6.7 ± 1.8 | 6.8 ± 1.7 | 7.2 ± 2.1 | 7.1 ± 2.3 | 7.0 ± 1.9 | 6.8 ± 1.8 | 0.67 | 0.67 |
| Isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) (ms) | 83.4 ± 5.7 | 83.8 ± 6.4 | 82.0 ± 5.7 | 82.5 ± 6.3 | 83.2 ± 6.1 | 83.2 ± 5.3 | 0.68 | 0.95 |
| Isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT) (ms) | 46.5 ± 7.8 | 45.0 ± 8.5 | 44.7 ± 7.8 | 44.0 ± 6.9 | 45.6 ± 7.1 | 44.7 ± 8.1 | 0.18 | 0.89 |
| Ejection time ms | 309.7 ± 30.4 | 317.0 ± 26.7 | 313.6 ± 31.9 | 320.0 ± 30.5 | 321.4 ± 24.9 | 319.3 ± 24.1 | 0.09 | 0.20 |
| LV outflow tract VTI | 21.1 ± 3.7 | 21.6 ± 3.5 | 21.4 ± 3.9 | 21.8 ± 2.9 | 22.2 ± 3.4 | 22.1 ± 3.5 | 0.39 | 0.69 |
| Aortic VTI | 27.5 ± 5.5 | 29.1 ± 5.5 | 28.2 ± 6.5 | 29.1 ± 6.3 | 28.5 ± 6.6 | 28.4 ± 6.3 | 0.05 | 0.22 |
| Mean stroke volume (SV) (ml/m2) | 49.2 ± 12.7 | 53.7 ± 13.4 | 56.0 ± 13.8 | 56.5 ± 13.3 | 54.7 ± 12.9 | 58.4 ± 12.8 | 0.006 | 0.24 |
| Stroke volume Simpsons (ml/m2) | 48.8 ± 12.7 | 54.5 ± 13.3 | 55.6 ± 13.7 | 57.4 ± 12.9 | 54.4 ± 12.8 | 58.9 ± 13.3 | < 0.001 | 0.31 |
| Stroke volume VTI (ml/m2) | 40.1 ± 7.7 | 41.9 ± 8.0 | 41.2 ± 8.0 | 43.8 ± 9.3 | 43.4 ± 8.3 | 43.8 ± 10.4 | 0.044 | 0.57 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 79.0 ± 20.7 | 76.5 ± 25.0 | 77.9 ± 15.6 | 76.8 ± 17.0 | 83.1 ± 22.0 | 81.8 ± 22.2 | 0.32 | 0.93 |
| E/A | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 0.07 | 0.11 |
| LV systolic elastance (Ees) | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | 0.47 | 0.58 |
| Arterial elastance (normalized) (mm hg/ml) | 1.37 ± 0.47 | 1.22 ± 0.38 | 1.15 ± 0.37 | 1.12 ± 0.37 | 1.13 ± 0.33 | 1.04 ± 0.29 | 0.002 | 0.19 |
| Ea/Ees | 0.41 ± 0.08 | 0.40 ± 0.09 | 0.38 ± 0.08 | 0.37 ± 0.08 | 0.37 ± 0.08 | 0.36 ± 0.07 | 0.033 | 0.55 |
| Mitral annular early diastolic velocity (average septal/lateral) | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 6.7 ± 2.0 | 6.4 ± 1.8 | 6.5 ± 1.6 | 6.4 ± 1.6 | 0.57 | 0.93 |
| Ratio of mitral passive inflow velocity and e′ (E/e′) | 11.9 ± 3.2 | 12.2 ± 4.1 | 11.3 ± 5.0 | 11.5 ± 4.6 | 10.9 ± 3.2 | 11.0 ± 2.6 | 0.42 | 0.95 |
| Global longitudinal strain (GLS) | − 17.0 ± 3.6 | − 17.5 ± 4.3 | − 17.8 ± 3.1 | − 18.1 ± 2.2 | − 17.3 ± 3.8 | − 16.1 ± 4.9 | 0.74 | 0.12 |
| Myocardial performance index (MPI) | 0.30 ± 0.06 | 0.29 ± 0.07 | 0.28 ± 0.05 | 0.28 ± 0.05 | 0.29 ± 0.05 | 0.28 ± 0.05 | 0.65 | 0.80 |