Schematic representation of endothelial barrier function, including interendothelial junctions, novel mediators and intracellular signaling molecules. sAC, soluble adenylyl cyclase; D1R, D1 dopamine receptor; A2BR, adenosine A2b receptor; A1R, adenosine A1 receptor; S1PR3, S1P receptor 3, MLCK, myosin light chain kinase; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate. For other abbreviations see Fig. 1 legend.