Table 4.

Demographics, severity of disease, clinical, laboratory and radiological findings of the study population according to the presence of a clinical failure during hospitalization (any among: endotracheal intubation, treatment with extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation and in-hospital mortality)

Characteristic	Absence of clinical failure	Presence of clinical failure	p
n. (%)	38 (100)	22 (100)
Demographics, n. (%)
Male	22 (58)	16 (77)	0.251
Age, median (IQR) years	71 (64–76)	70 (65–77)	0.842
Comorbidities, n. (%)
Chronic Heart Failure	27 (71)	14 (64)	0.552
Immunosuppression*	23 (60)	16 (73)	0.167
Diabetes mellitus	8 (21)	3 (14)	0.474
Chronic renal failure	4 (11)	1 (4.5)	0.389
Long-Term Oxygen Therapy	22 (58)	7 (33)	0.071
Physical findings on admission, median (IQR)
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	130 (114–141)	120 (104–130)	0.037
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	70 (70–80)	70 (60–80)	0.342
Heart Rate, beats/minute	100 (82–112)	102 (90–111)	0.580
Respiratory rate, breaths/minute	30 (26–32)	35 (27–42)	0.023
Respiratory rate > 30breaths/minute, n.(%)	9 (26)	12 (67)	0.004
Oxygen saturation, %	89 (77–94)	85 (73–90)	0.304
Laboratory values on admission, median (IQR)
Arterial pH	7.43 (7.40-7.46)	7.45 (7.41-7.48)	0.255
Arterial pH < 7.35, n. (%)	4 (11)	2 (9.1)	0.616
PaCO2, mmHg	40 (36–55)	38 (33–43)	0.163
PaO2, mmHg	49 (40–65)	49 (38–72)	0.945
PaO2/FiO2 ratio	131 (95–184)	104 (84–135)	0.078
White blood cells, cell/L-1	11820 (7975–15140)	13860 (8515–15632)	0.363
Radiological appearance of pulmonary fibrosis, n. (%)
Usual Interstitial Pneumonia	15 (40)	13 (59)	0.142
Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia	8 (21)	6 (27)	0.583

*Immunosuppression defined as the presence of any among: long term corticosteroid, immunosuppressive therapy, active cancer.