Table 2. Personal Exposure to Selected PAHs (in ng/m³) by Fuel Type and Stove Design^a.

		BaP			FLT			CHR			NAP
	N(k)	AM	GM	GSD	AM	GM	GSD	AM	GM	GSD	N(k)	AM	GM	GSD
smoky coal	131(82)	74.4	44.7	2.8	65.3	19.3	4.7	94.3	44	3.6	96(60)	4200	2900	2.4
ventilated stove	72	50.2	38.1	2.1	28.7	15.6	3.3	54.3	34.5	2.8	53	2900	2500	1.9
unventilated stove	6	224.5	160.3	2.4	273.6	108.2	5.1	374.8	217.3	3.2	4	11 000	6300	3
portable stove	13	41.5	31.5	2.2	17.2	9.2	3.2	68.7	45	2.7	12	4900	3900	2.1
firepit	11	186.4	151.5c	2	228.7	147.6c	2.7	245.2	186.4c	2.1	4	17 000	14 000	2.1
mixed ventilation	25	85.7	48.1	3.2	84.1	21.9	5.4	103	45.5	4.1	19	3900	2600	3.2
unknown	4	13.2	7.7	3	1.6	1.4	1.8	7.9	4.4	3.2	4	1300	1100	2
smokeless coal	27(16)	15.1	10.6b	2.5	5.6	2.8b	3.2	29.3	12.6b	3.5	17(11)	3100	2800	1.6
ventilated stove	2	5.6	5.5	1.3	3.9	2.7	3.7	7	4.8	3.8	0
unventilated stove	14	13.8	9.4b	2.7	2.4	1.7b	2.2	12.6	8.3b	2.6	9	2800	2600	1.6
portable stove	10	19.3	14.2	2.4	10.7	5.4	3.9	58.7	27.3	4	7	3600	3400	1.5
firepit	0										0
mixed ventilation	1	10.6	10.6		4.2	4.2		13.7	13.7		1	2000	2000
unknown	0										0
“other” coal	24(16)	61.5	39.7	2.8	44	15.6	5.5	89.1	43.2	3.9	14(10)	8300	5400	2.8
ventilated stove	10	38.8	26.9	2.6	23.7	8.4	4.8	39.1	21.9	3.4	6	3200	2500	2.3
unventilated stove	0										0
portable stove	9	95.6	68	2.8	65.1	31.1	5.2	159.4	91.1	3.8	7	13 000	11 000	2.1
firepit	1	21.8	21.8		3.3	3.3		7.6	7.6		0
mixed ventilation	4	51.7	36.4	3.2	57.4	23.7	7.6	76.2	67.4	1.8	1	5900	5900
unknown	0										0
wood	14(8)	66.6	58.2	1.7	73.7	34.7	4	66.2	54.3	2	7(4)	14 000	5900	6.4
ventilated stove	5	73.4	61.2	1.9	73.5	19.1	6.2	73.3	51.6	2.9	2	13 000	13 000	1.3
unventilated stove	0										0
portable stove	4	78.4	70.1	1.7	41.2	33.5	2.4	72.2	60	2	3	21 000	14 000	3.1
firepit	5	50.2	47.7	1.4	99.8	64.8	3.2	54.4	52.7	1.3	2	2000	730	10.9
mixed ventilation	0										0
unknown	0										0
plant	4(4)	95.6	83.8	1.9	144.8	118.5	2.2	128.7	121.5	1.5	3(3)	26 000	20 000b	2.4
ventilated stove	0										0
unventilated stove	1	116.1	116.1		170	170		171.2	171.2		1	54 000	54 000
portable stove	1	39.5	39.5		104.7	104.7		91.9	91.9		0
firepit	1	67.3	67.3		42.2	42.2		81	81		1	10 000	10 000
mixed ventilation	1	159.5	159.5		262.1	262.1		170.9	170.9		1	15 000	15 000
unknown	0										0
“other” fuel	66(35)	73.8	36.9	3.3	82.6	17.4	6.6	96.3	37.3	4.3	56(28)	7600	4300	3.1
ventilated stove	12	37.5	26.5	2.6	32.4	8.6	5.5	33.6	17.8	3.5	9	4500	3100	2.4
unventilated stove	13	158.8	73	4.7	197.2	42.9	10.7	242.5	102.3	5.5	11	20 000	13 000	3.4
portable stove	6	62	40.9	2.9	37.8	17.6	4.9	81.6	49.1	3.2	5	4400	4000	1.6
firepit	0										0
mixed ventilation	32	60	33.5	3	70	17.4	5.6	70.8	35.5	3.5	28	4500	3300	2.7
unknown	3	21.3	16.5	2.5	12	5.4	5.4	15.7	8.7	4.2	3	4400	2500	3.7

^aMixed ventilation, use of multiple stoves with differing ventilation designs. N, number of samples. k, number of individual subjects. BaP, benzo[a]pyrene; FLT, fluoranthene; CHR, chrysene; NAP, naphthalene.

^bSignificant difference with smoky coal for same PAH and strata (Tukey HSD test).

^cSignificant difference with ventilated stove for same PAH within fuel strata (Tukey HSD test).