Figure 4.

Triphasic LV Filling Pattern

Representative transmitral blood flow velocity patterns assessed by pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography in 9 patients with thin-filament–associated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (patient ID numbers and mutations are shown). Mid-diastolic flow velocity (L-wave) is clearly visible (*). An L wave’s presence is independent of the overall diastolic pattern, with E/A ratios that can be <1 (i.e., delayed relaxation) or >1 (i.e., pseudonormalized). LV = left ventricular.