Table 2. Subgroup analysis of the relationship between A1C-SD and renal disease.

Subgroup	Trial	Pooled HR(95% CI)	I2 (p value)
Type 1
Age
Adolescent	14–15	1.56 (1.08, 2.25)	I2 = 67.4% (p = 0.08)
Adult	5,13	1.87 (1.54, 2.25)	I2 = 0% (p = 0.740)
Renal outcome
Microalbuminuria onset	5,14–15	1.63 (1.28,2.07)	I2 = 50.2% (p = 0.134)
Exacerbation of renal function or albuminuria	13	1.92 (1.48, 2.47)	NA
Sample Size
≥1000	5,13–14	1.65 (1.30, 2.09)	I2 = 58.0% (p = 0.093)
<1000	15	1.91 (1.37, 2.66)	NA
Type 2
Renal outcome
Microalbuminuria onset	6,9	1.23(1.08,1.39)	I2 = 0% (p = 0.389)
Exacerbation of renal function or albuminuria	16–17	1.22(1.05,1.42)	I2 = 57.7% (p = 0.124)
Sample Size
≥1000	16–17	1.22(1.05,1.42)	I2 = 57.7% (p = 0.124)
<1000	6,9	1.23(1.08,1.39)	I2 = 0% (p = 0.389)

NA, not applicable.