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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2015 Jan;74(1):38–47. doi: 10.1097/NEN.0000000000000148

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Among untreated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques, declining epidermal nerve fiber (ENF) density is associated with increasing viral load and neuroinflammation in the lumbar spinal cord. (A–D) To investigate the relationship between SIV infection and pro-inflammatory alterations in the spinal cord to pathologic changes in the peripheral nerves, we compared results of each animal’s spinal cord analysis to its epidermal nerve fiber density in the footpad. In untreated SIV-infected animals, there were significant inverse correlations between ENF density and (A) SIV viral load (p = 0.010, r = −0.66), (B) CD68 immunostaining (p = 0.014, r = −0.62), (C) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) expression (p = 0.016, r = −0.61), and (D) CCL2 expression in the lumbar spinal cord (p = 0.0091, r = −0.65). All statistical inferences based on Spearman rank correlation.