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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2014 Aug 7;35(1):16–23. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.303410

Table 2.

Risk of cardiovascular mortality in population cohort studies based on dietary flavonoid consumption.

Study Year Country Sex Total N
(high vs
low flavonoid)		 Flavonoid
intake mg/
day (high vs
low)		 Adjusted
RR (high
vs low,
95% CI)
Hertog et al46 1993 Holland M 535 ≥29.9 vs≤19 0.32 (0.15 – 0.71)
Knekt et al67 2002 Finland M+F 4,565 ≥ 26.9*vs 4.3 0.92 (0.80 – 1.04)
McCullough et al53 2012 U.S. M+F 39,387 ≥ 360 vs≤121 0.82 (0.73 – 0.92)
Mink et al45 2007 U.S. F 13,796 > 425 vs<133 0.93 (0.81 – 1.07)
Hirvonen et68 al 2001 Finland M 58,181 (person years) 17.8 vs 3.94 0.89 (0.71 – 1.11)
*

Mean flavonoid for highest quartile for women was 39.5 mg