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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 18.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2014 Oct 29;516(7531):400–404. doi: 10.1038/nature13863

Extended Data Figure 3. Retinoic acid posteriorizes foregut endoderm.

Extended Data Figure 3

a, Lineage diagram that summarizes the patterning effects of noggin and RA in the formation of both anterior and posterior foregut endoderm. b, Bright field images show that RA increased the number of spheroids that are produced from foregut monolayer cultures. c, A lower power image of figure 1d showing immunofluorescent image of a E8.5, 14 somite stage embryo with Hnf1β protein localized to the posterior portion of the foregut. Boxed region of embryo is shown in figure 1d. d, qPCR analysis of gene expression in foregut spheroids treated with RA. Posterior foregut markers HNF1β and HNF6 were robustly induced by 24-hour exposure to RA. Although RA induced posterior foregut gene expression it did not induce expression of the posterior marker CDX2. *, p<0.05; student’s t-test; n=3 biological replicates per condition, data representative of 3 independent experiments. Scale bars, 1 mm in b; 100 μm in c. Error bars represent standard deviation.