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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurol Phys Ther. 2015 Jan;39(1):33–42. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000065

Table 1. Paradigms of Motor Priming.

Stimulation based priming

  • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)

  • Paired associative stimulation (PAS)

  • Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation (PNS) *

Motor Imagery/Action observation

  • Mirror therapy

  • Video directed

  • Audio directed

  • Therapist directed

Movement based priming

  • Repetitive movements: unilateral and/or bilateral symmetrical, active and/or passive

  • Aerobic exercise

Pharmacological based priming

  • Amphetamines

  • Dopaminerigic agents

  • Norepinephrine

Sensory based priming

  • Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation (PNS) *

  • Muscle vibration

  • Temporary functional deafferentation (TFD)

*

Cross Referenced under two paradigms