Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study subjects
| Sepsis patients | Severe sepsis patients | P value a | Survivors | Nonsurvivors | P value b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 577 | 476 | NA | 308 | 168 | NA |
| Age | 62.6 ± 11.2 | 66.1 ± 11.5 | 0.07 | 62.6 ± 10.8 | 68.9 ± 13.7 | 0.04 |
| Sex (male/female) | 334/243 | 275/201 | 0.56 | 180/128 | 98/70 | 0.98 |
| APACHE II score | 10.4 ± 3.3 | 18.7 ± 4.8 | 0.007 | 14.6 ± 2.8 | 26.2 ± 7.1 | 0.008 |
| Diabetes | 50 (8.7%) | 51 (10.7%) | 0.26 | 33 (10.7%) | 18 (10.7%) | 1.00 |
| Chronic liver disease | 11 (1.9%) | 17 (3.6%) | 0.10 | 9 (2.9%) | 8 (4.8%) | 0.30 |
| Chronic renal failure | 18 (3.1%) | 20 (4.2%) | 0.35 | 12 (3.9%) | 8 (4.8%) | 0.65 |
| Congestive heart failure | 25 (4.3%) | 32 (6.7%) | 0.09 | 20 (6.5%) | 12 (7.1%) | 0.79 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 35 (6.1%) | 42 (8.8%) | 0.09 | 25 (8.1%) | 17 (10.1%) | 0.46 |
| SOFA score | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 8.1 ± 1.7 | <0.001 | 6.8 ± 1.8 | 10.5 ± 1.8 | 0.01 |
| LOS (days) | 8.5 ± 2.6 | 15.3 ± 8.6 | 0.006 | 13.5 ± 7.3 | 15.1 ± 8.9 | 0.02 |
| Infection insult | ||||||
| Lung | 380 (65.9%) | 312 (65.5%) | 0.92 | 206 (66.9%) | 106 (63.1%) | 0.41 |
| Abdomen | 151 (26.2%) | 119 (25.0%) | 0.67 | 73 (23.7%) | 46 (27.4%) | 0.38 |
| Bloodstream | 13 (2.3%) | 17 (3.6%) | 0.20 | 8(2.6%) | 9 (5.4%) | 0.12 |
| UTI | 11 (1.9%) | 12 (2.5%) | 0.50 | 9 (2.9%) | 3 (1.8%) | 0.45 |
| Others | 22 (3.8%) | 16 (3.4%) | 0.70 | 12 (3.9%) | 4 (2.4%) | 0.38 |
| Microbiology positivec | 225 (39.0%) | 195 (41.0%) | 0.52 | 114 (37.0%) | 76 (45.2%) | 0.08 |
| Gram-positive | 96 (42.7%) | 75 (38.5%) | 0.38 | 47 (41.2%) | 27 (35.5%) | 0.43 |
| Gram-negative | 98 (43.6%) | 81 (41.5%) | 0.68 | 47 (41.2%) | 31 (40.8%) | 0.95 |
| Fungi | 15 (6.7%) | 18 (9.2%) | 0.33 | 10 (8.8%) | 8 (10.5%) | 0.69 |
| Mixed | 16 (7.1%) | 21 (10.8%) | 0.19 | 10 (8.8%) | 10 (13.2%) | 0.34 |
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%). APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; LOS, length of ICU stay; NA, not applicable; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; UTI, urinary tract infection. aSepsis group versus severe sepsis group. bSurvivor group versus nonsurvivor group. cIncluded relevant cultures from tissue sites, sputum, blood, urine, pleural and peritoneal fluid.