Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of cardiac surgical patients with and without a cardiovascular intensive care unit readmission
| Characteristic | No readmission (n = 10,320) | Readmission (n = 479) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, mean (SD), years | 64.6 (12.7) | 68.9 (12.9) | <0.001 |
| Male, % | 75.8 | 71.0 | 0.17 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 28.9 (5.9) | 28.5 (5.5) | 0.112 |
| Medical history, % | |||
| Hypertension | 77.5 | 81.6 | 0.035 |
| Dyslipidemia | 89.7 | 88.3 | 0.315 |
| Type 1 diabetes | 1.0 | 1.9 | 0.063 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 29.4 | 35.9 | 0.002 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 45.1 | 45.5 | 0.86 |
| Prior PCI | 14.2 | 13.2 | 0.537 |
| Prior CABG | 3.0 | 6.5 | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 15.7 | 29.0 | <0.001 |
| NYHA class | |||
| Class I | 7.0 | 4.0 | <0.001 |
| Class II | 13.9 | 12.1 | |
| Class III | 15.6 | 19.4 | |
| Class IV | 4.3 | 7.5 | |
| Not entered | 59.1 | 57.0 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 12.5 | 17.5 | 0.001 |
| Current smoker | 24.7 | 23.4 | 0.525 |
| Chronic lung disease | 32.6 | 52.4 | <0.001 |
| Chronic liver disease | 1.0 | 3.5 | <0.001 |
| Chronic renal failure | 2.2 | 5.8 | <0.001 |
| Preoperative dialysis | 1.4 | 2.9 | 0.005 |
| Preoperative investigations | |||
| Extent of coronary artery disease (≥70%), % | 0.452 | ||
| 0 | 17.9 | 18.4 | |
| 1 or 2 | 11.9 | 14.0 | |
| 3 | 38.6 | 34.9 | |
| Left main | 21.9 | 22.3 | |
| Not available | 9.7 | 10.4 | |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | <0.001 | ||
| >50% | 35.3 | 23.2 | |
| >35-50% | 17.1 | 14.8 | |
| >20-34% | 4.2 | 7.5 | |
| <20% | 1.0 | 3.3 | |
| Not done due to emergency surgery | 15.9 | 21.3 | |
| Not available | 26.5 | 29.9 | |
| Hemoglobin, mean (SD), g/L | 136.3 (18.5) | 128.0 (20.8) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mean (SD), μmol/L | 100.6 (65.4) | 116.4 (81.1) | <0.001 |
BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; NYHA: New York Heart Association; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; SD: standard deviation.