Table 1.
Men (N =420) | Women (N = 643) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | χ 2 | |
Discrimination Experiences | |||||
Has talked with a friend about AIDS. | 296 | 70 | 494 | 77 | 5.3* |
Has been treated differently by friends and family since they found out you were HIV positive. | 167 | 40 | 199 | 31 | 8.5** |
Friends or family stopped visiting after learning you are HIV positive. | 145 | 34 | 167 | 26 | 8.5** |
HIV caused you to lose a job or housing. | 115 | 27 | 114 | 18 | 14.0** |
Have experienced discrimination because of HIV. | 191 | 45 | 254 | 40 | 5.5* |
There are people you have not told you are HIV positive because you fear their reaction. | 251 | 60 | 391 | 61 | 0.1 |
Internalized Stigma | |||||
It is difficult to tell other people about my HIV infection. | 275 | 66 | 392 | 61 | 2.3 |
Being HIV positive makes me feel dirty. | 138 | 33 | 144 | 23 | 14.1** |
I feel guilty that I am HIV positive. | 197 | 47 | 233 | 37 | 10.7** |
I am ashamed that I am HIV positive. | 181 | 43 | 224 | 37 | 6.5** |
I sometimes feel worthless because I am HIV positive. | 157 | 38 | 219 | 34 | 1.2 |
It is my own fault that I am HIV positive. | 215 | 51 | 240 | 38 | 18.8** |
I hide my HIV status from others. | 241 | 57 | 335 | 53 | 1.9 |
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Internalized AIDS Stigma | 3.3 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 4.2** |
Cognitive-Affective Depression | 11.5 | 6.1 | 12.8 | 6.7 | 3.1** |
Social Support | 7.3 | 2.6 | 7.9 | 2.7 | 3.4** |
p < .05
p < .01