Table 2. Association between being employed and adhering to antiretroviral therapy, by subgroup, 14 countries, 1996–2014.
| Subgroup | No. of studies | Pooled association |
Subgroup heterogeneity,a P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | I2, %b | |||
| Income groupc | 0.003 | |||
| Low | 7 | 1.85 (1.58–2.18) | 0 | NA |
| Middle | 11 | 0.94 (0.62–1.42) | 75 | NA |
| High | 10 | 1.33 (1.02–1.74) | 56 | NA |
| Study design | 0.003 | |||
| Cross-sectional | 24 | 1.17 (0.95–1.44) | 77 | NA |
| Prospective cohort | 4 | 2.05 (1.50–2.81) | 0 | NA |
| Adherence threshold | 0.003 | |||
| < 100% | 20 | 1.59 (1.35–1.87) | 17 | NA |
| 100% | 8 | 0.90 (0.64–1.26) | 78 | NA |
| Adherence measure | 0.19 | |||
| Self-report questionnaire | 22 | 1.21 (0.98–1.51) | 81 | NA |
| Other | 6 | 1.67 (1.09–2.56) | 0 | NA |
ART: antiretroviral therapy; CI: confidence interval; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio.
a Subgroups were compared using the χ2 test.
b I2 indicates the heterogeneity between the results of the studies in the subgroup.
c Countries were categorized as low-, middle- or high-income, as defined by the World Bank for 2014.22