Table 2.
Cross-sectional associations between baseline serum uric acid and cognitive functioning after adjusting for baseline serum uric acid, demographic, and health variables.
| Baseline Uric Acid | Baseline Uric Acid & Demographics | Baseline Uric Acid, Demographics, & Health | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Outcome | Estimate (SE) | P-value | Estimate (SE) | P-value | Estimate (SE) | P-value |
| MMSE | −0.08 (0.06) | 0.19 | 0.001 (0.06) | 0.98 | 0.01 (0.07) | 0.84 |
| Trail Making Test, part Aa | −0.22 (0.48) | 0.64 | 0.44 (0.47) | 0.34 | −0.11 (−0.54) | 0.84 |
| Trail Making Test, part Ba | −0.53 (0.64) | 0.41 | −0.13 (0.20) | 0.54 | −0.10 (−0.24) | 0.68 |
| HVLT-R learningb | 0.26 (0.18) | 0.16 | 0.04 (0.18) | 0.82 | −0.13 (0.21) | 0.53 |
| HVLT-R recallb | 0.08 (0.10) | 0.41 | −0.04 (0.10) | 0.70 | −0.05 (0.11) | 0.64 |
| Purdue Pegboard | 0.88 (0.30) | <.0001 | 0.73 (0.31) | 0.02 | 0.64 (−0.35) | <0.07 |
| Brief Test of Attention | −0.27 (0.08) | <.0001 | −0.17 (0.08) | 0.03 | −0.18 (−0.08) | <0.05 |
| Pattern Comparison Test | −0.49 (0.27) | 0.07 | −0.15 (0.25) | 0.56 | −0.43 (−0.29) | 0.14 |
| Clock drawing, command | −0.05 (0.06) | 0.47 | −0.02 (0.06) | 0.75 | −0.04 (−0.08) | 0.56 |
| Clock drawing, copy | 0.02 (0.05) | 0.76 | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.33 | 0.07 (−0.06) | 0.19 |
| Digit Span | −0.30 (0.14) | 0.03 | −0.15 (0.13) | 0.26 | −0.03 (−0.16) | 0.87 |
| Letter fluency | −0.52 (0.33) | 0.12 | −0.32 (0.32) | 0.33 | −0.03 (−0.39) | 0.93 |
| Animal fluency | −0.29 (0.17) | 0.09 | −0.17 (0.17) | 0.31 | −0.15 (−0.19) | 0.44 |
a
Trail Making Test parts A and B were coded as number of connections per minute, with higher values indicating better performance.
b
HVLT-R learning and recall were coded as number of items not recalled, with higher values indicating poorer performance.