Table 1.
Age-standardized characteristics of daughters of the Nurses' Mothers' Cohort according to in utero exposure to prenatal vitamins at baseline (1989)
| Did you take prenatal vitamins during pregnancy? | ||
|---|---|---|
| No (n=9 514) | Yes, Regularly (n=19 646) | |
| Nurse's age, years1 | 35.5(4.5) | 32.9(4.5) |
| From the Nurses’ Mothers’ Questionnaire: | ||
| Maternal age at time of nurse's birth, years | 27.2(6.2) | 25.6(5.3) |
| Mean maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 21.5(2.8) | 21.2(2.5) |
| Gestational weight gain, kg | 23.5(8.9) | 23.7(8.4) |
| Consumption of dark green leafy vegetables, % | 58 | 63 |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy, % | 24 | 25 |
| Active/mostly active during pregnancy, % | 91 | 91 |
| Owned home at time of birth, % | 51 | 46 |
| Ever breastfed, % | 45 | 47 |
| Father a professional, % | 27 | 32 |
| Mother's education– some college or graduate, % | 32 | 39 |
| Father's education– some college or graduate, % | 38 | 46 |
| From the Nurses’ Health Study II Questionnaire: | ||
| Body size at age 5 | ||
| Level 1, n | 2093 | 4322 |
| Level 5+, n | 666 | 1179 |
| Body size at age 10 | ||
| Level 1, n | 1617 | 3340 |
| Level 5+, n | 1142 | 2161 |
| BMI2 at age 18, kg/m2 | 21.2(3.2) | 21.1(3.1) |
| BMI2 in 1989 (baseline), kg/m2 | 23.8(4.8) | 23.6(4.6) |
| BMI2 in 2009, kg/m2 | 27.5(6.4) | 27.3(6.2) |
| Waist circumference (2005), inches | 34.6(6.0) | 34.3(5.9) |
| Age at menarche, years | 12.4(1.4) | 12.4(1.4) |
| Nulliparous, % | 36 | 31 |
| Number of pregnancies over 6 months among parous women | 2.0(0.8) | 2.0(0.9) |
| Oral contraceptive use, % | 82 | 84 |
| Physical activity, METS/week | 23.8(34.6) | 24.5(34.6) |
| Any alcohol consumption, % | 66 | 68 |
| Alcohol consumption, grams/day3 | 5.5(7.1) | 5.4(7.1) |
| Ever a smoker, % | 33 | 32 |
| Husband's education– >= 4 yr college, % | 55 | 56 |
| Annual household income (2001)– $100,000 or higher, % | 34 | 36 |
Values are means(SD) or percentages and are standardized to the age distribution of the study population.
1
Value is not age adjusted.
2
BMI: Body Mass Index.
3
Alcohol consumption among drinkers.