Table 5.

Studies of microparticles in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies

Study	Subjects	Methods	Total MP	Platelet MP	Endothelial MP	Tissue factor
This study	47 aPL + patients, 144 controls	Fresh samples, no pelleting, direct analysis of platelet poor plasma	↑ in aPL +	↑ in aPL +	↑ EMP in aPL + No difference with a history of thrombosis or pregnancy loss. No difference with anticoagulation. EMP correlate with anti-B2GPI.	↑ TF+ MP
Combes, JCI 1999[40]	30 patients with LA, 30 healthy controls	Fresh samples, not pelleted	NS	NS	EMP ↑ in patients with LA. Higher levels in patients with thrombosis. No effect of anticoagulation.	NS
Vikerfors, Lupus 2012[48]	52 patients with APS, 52 healthy controls	Frozen samples. Processing not described.	↑ in APS	No difference	EMP ↑ in APS. No difference in total MP or EMP in patients with and without thrombosis or pregnancy loss.	↑ TF+ MP
Dignat-George, Thromb Haemost 2004[45]	35 APS 28 SLE aPL+ 23 SLE aPL − 25 thromb aPL− 25 controls	Frozen samples. Not pelleted.	NS	NS	EMP ↑ in APS or aPL + and was associated with DRVVT positivity. No effect of a history of thrombosis or anticoagulation.	NS
Jy, Thromb Res 2007[49]	88 APS patients (60 with thrombosis), 39 healthy controls	Fresh samples. Not pelleted	NS	No difference between APS and controls PMP ↑ in patients with thrombosis	EMP ↑ in APS. No difference with a history of thrombosis	NS
Periera, Lupus 2007[58]	30 patients with SLE, 20 healthy controls	Frozen samples. Pelleted	↑ MP, mostly PMP	PMP have ↑ potential to generate thrombin	NS
Willemze, Thromb Res 2014[57]	30 APS, 72 asymptomatic aPL+	Frozen samples. Pelleted. MP-TF activity measured by FXa generation.	NS	NS	NS	Higher MP-TF activity in APS than asympto matic aPL

NS = not studied