Table 1. Range of performance characteristics associated with common biomarkers used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (8,9).

Tumor biomarker	Sensitivity [range] (%)	Specificity [range] (%)
Alpha-fetoprotein
>20 ng/mL	[41-65]	[80-94]
>200 ng/mL	[20-45]	[99-100]
>400 ng/mL	<20	[99-100]
Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein
Elevated serum AFP†	[37-75]	[83-94]
Low serum AFP (≤20 ng/mL)‡	[12-21]	[89-98]
Des-γ-carboxyprothrombin/PIVKA II§	[41-89]	[70-100]

^†, AFP-L3 cutoff values range from 10% to 35%; ^‡, AFP-L3 cutoff value at 10%; ^§, DCP cutoff values range from 60 to 150 mAU/mL. AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; AFP-L3, Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein; DCP, Des-γ-carboxyprothrombin; PIVKA II, prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence II.