Table 2.
Risk of health outcomesa among patients with non-optimal control of diabetes mellitus compared with patients with optimal control (referent)
| Outcome | Unadjusted
|
Adjustedb
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| ED visit | 1.16 (1.07–1.26) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.06–1.25) | <0.001 |
| Hospitalization | 1.07 (0.97–1.18) | 0.18 | 1.11 (1.00–1.23) | 0.04 |
| 30-day rehospitalizationc | 1.02 (0.78–1.34) | 0.88 | 1.03 (0.78–1.36) | 0.83 |
| ICU stay | 1.13 (0.93–1.38) | 0.21 | 1.19 (0.97–1.45) | 0.09 |
| Mortality | 1.05 (0.89–1.25) | 0.55 | 1.29 (1.09–1.53) | 0.003 |
Notes:
a
Risk was estimated from Cox proportional hazard models comparing those with non-optimal control with those with optimal control (referent group)
b
adjusted for age, sex, and Charlson index
c
defined as a rehospitalization within 30 days following the first hospitalization that occurs after 9/1/2009; limited to those who had at least one hospitalization.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ED, emergency department; HR, hazard ratio; ICU, intensive care unit.