Table 4.
Adjusteda risk of health outcomes among patients with different control levels of diabetes mellitus compared with patients with optimal control (referent)
| No of factors under control | ED visit | Hospitalization | 30-day rehospitalizationb | ICU stay | Mortality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 1.08 (0.99–1.19) | 1.06 (0.95–1.18) | 0.99 (0.73–1.34) | 1.11 (0.89–1.38) | 1.15 (0.95–1.39) |
| 1 | 1.37 (1.21–1.56) | 1.26 (1.07–1.47) | 1.11 (0.74–1.68) | 1.29 (0.95–1.75) | 1.85 (1.43–2.38) |
| 0 | 1.37 (1.02–1.83) | 1.33 (0.93–1.90) | 1.31 (0.53–3.23) | 2.47 (1.43–4.28) | 1.32 (0.62–2.81) |
| P-valuec | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.57 | 0.007 | <0.001 |
Notes: Data are presented as HR (95% CI) unless otherwise indicated.
a
Adjusted for age, sex, and Charlson index. Risk was estimated from Cox proportional hazard models comparing those with non-optimal control with those with optimal control (referent group)
b
defined as a rehospitalization within 30 days following the first hospitalization that occurs after 9/1/2009; limited to those who had at least one hospitalization
c
P value for chi-square test for trend.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ED, emergency department; HR, hazard ratio; ICU, intensive care unit.