Table 1.

Milestone Discoveries for WJ Transplantation

Disease Indication	WJ Cell Therapy Outcomes
Cancer	Cells do not pose a risk for metastasis of tumor cells [15]. Cells promote proteins that halt the cell cycle of cancer cells and promote tumor suppressing genes [14]. Cells invoke the body’s the immune system [14].
Liver Disease	WJ-MSC's high proliferative capacity induces hepatocyte differentiation [19]. The hepatocyte cells can reduce liver fibrosis [22, 23].
Peripheral Nerve Damage:	The cell has the ability to differentiate into Schwann cells [25]. These can be transferred to the body and applied to the naturally degrading Schwann cells [25].
Cardiovascular Repair:	Biologically Cardio active leaflets can be manufactured using WJMSC’s [27]. The cells have been used in large animal studies with the sheep hearts functioning over 20 weeks into experimentation [28].
Connective Tissue Repair:	Cartilage injuries are the result of a metabolic imbalance of chondrocytes and slow repair of the issue. WJ-MSC's can easily differentiate into the correct cell and be transplanted to repair the issue [32, 33]. Tendon injuries are also caused by an imbalance and disorganization of the collagen fibers. Human Umbilical Cord Perivascular Cells can not only be transplanted to restore balance, but they help organize tendon collagen fibers [35, 36].
Obesity and Diabetes:	In the prenatal environment, the growing child can have its cells be predisposed to grow into adipocyte cells based on the mother's conditions [37]. Using WJ-MSC's differentiation ability, researchers can grow insulin producing cells in the lab that can be used to help treat obesity and type II diabetes [37, 39].