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. 2014 Dec 12;46(12):e125. doi: 10.1038/emm.2014.77

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Copyright © 2014 KSBMB.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

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Functional expression of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors in HSG cells. (a) Expression of mRNA transcripts for all LPA receptor subtypes, from 1 to 6, using reverse transcriptase–PCR. Lanes ‘M and N' indicate the kb marker and negative control, respectively. β-actin was used as the positive control. (b) LPA-induced a transient [Ca²⁺]_i increase in the presence or absence (gray line) of [Ca²⁺]_i in the medium. (c and d) LPA-induced the [Ca²⁺]_i response before and after (gray line) pretreatment of cells with 10 μM U-73211 and 10 μM 2-APB. (e) Subsequent stimulation of the cells with 100 μM carbachol (CCh) after LPA stimulation. (f) Subsequent stimulation of the cells with 1 μM LPA after CCh stimulation.