Table 3. Gene ontology interpretation of gene functions important for fitness in sand and higher expressed in sand than in liquid.

Growth phase	GOID	Ontology	Term	No. of probes	Total No. of probes	Log odds ratio	P-value
Exponential	GO:0008152	BP	Metabolic process	111	2082	0.1	0.0678
	GO:0055114	BP	Oxidation–reduction process	38	573	0.4	0.0219
	GO:0006573	BP	Valine metabolic process	2	7	2.5	0.0424
	GO:0009276	CC	Gram-negative-bacterium-type cell wall	2	10	2.0	0.0403
	GO:0003995	MF	Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity	5	47	1.1	0.0819
	GO:0004491	MF	Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) activity	2	5	3.0	0.0223
	GO:0016811	MF	Hydrolase activity, acting on carbon–nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides	5	35	1.5	0.0278
Stationary	GO:0019725	BP	Cellular homeostasis	8	43	2.7	0.0002
	GO:0006950	BP	Response to stress	7	79	1.7	0.0014
	GO:0030163	BP	Protein catabolic process	2	5	3.8	0.0081
	GO:0006508	BP	Proteolysis	9	96	1.7	0.0017
	GO:0006096	BP	Glycolysis	2	9	2.9	0.0270
	GO:0009306	BP	Protein secretion	4	32	2.1	0.0135
	GO:0006879	BP	Cellular iron ion homeostasis	2	10	2.8	0.0332
	GO:0043231	CC	Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	2	12	2.5	0.0372
	GO:0008270	MF	Zinc ion binding	6	84	1.3	0.0336
	GO:0008233	MF	Peptidase activity	11	112	1.8	0.0429
	GO:0016624	MF	Oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulphide as acceptor	2	14	2.3	0.0604
	GO:0008289	MF	Lipid binding	3	24	2.1	0.0386
	GO:0008236	MF	Serine-type peptidase activity	5	28	2.6	0.0031
	GO:0016668	MF	Oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulphur group of donors, NAD(P) as acceptor	3	7	3.9	0.0008
	GO:0008565	MF	Protein transporter activity	4	38	1.9	0.0231
	GO:0004175	MF	Endopeptidase activity	4	42	1.7	0.0321
	GO:0016209	MF	Antioxidant activity	4	27	2.4	0.0070
	GO:0008199	MF	Ferric iron binding	2	11	2.7	0.0386