Table 9.

Strain¹ and strain energy density results from simulated premolar bites.

Location2	Specimen	Max Prin (με)	Min Prin (με)	Mode	Max shear (με)	von Mises (με)	SED (J/mm3)
1. Dorsal interorbital	PC1−	201	−79	2.55	280	259	0.29
	PC1+	119	−60	1.98	179	160	0.11
	PC2−	163	−125	1.31	288	249	0.24
	PC2+	124	−48	2.60	172	163	0.11
	PC3−	118	−53	2.22	171	160	0.10
	PC3+	216	−68	3.17	285	271	0.34
2. Working dorsal orbital	PC1−	55	−34	1.59	89	80	0.02
	PC1+	138	−61	2.27	199	189	0.14
	PC2−	53	−88	0.61	141	123	0.06
	PC2+	83	−88	0.95	170	148	0.08
	PC3−	16	−21	0.79	37	32	0.00
	PC3+	73	−92	0.79	165	144	0.07
3. Balancing dorsal orbital	PC1−	197	−86	2.29	283	267	0.28
	PC1+	188	−61	3.10	249	238	0.25
	PC2−	192	−87	2.20	279	264	0.26
	PC2+	187	−95	1.97	282	261	0.25
	PC3−	106	−48	2.23	153	146	0.08
	PC3+	190	−101	1.89	291	268	0.27
4. Working postorbital bar	PC1−	455	−481	0.95	935	810	2.33
	PC1+	432	−305	1.42	737	646	1.53
	PC2−	351	−325	1.08	677	586	1.22
	PC2+	346	−382	0.91	728	631	1.41
	PC3−	150	−168	0.89	318	276	0.27
	PC3+	337	−292	1.15	629	552	1.08
5. Balancing postorbital bar	PC1−	627	−444	1.41	1070	953	3.23
	PC1+	769	−479	1.61	1248	1115	4.56
	PC2−	718	−296	2.43	1013	959	3.64
	PC2+	665	−376	1.77	1041	947	3.30
	PC3−	406	−288	1.41	694	621	1.37
	PC3+	370	−184	2.01	553	504	0.99
6. Working mid-zygoarch	PC1−	1686	−1086	1.55	2772	2475	22.23
	PC1+	1616	−3390	0.48	5006	4791	83.65
	PC2−	1099	−3022	0.36	3903	4120	64.74
	PC2+	1710	−1049	1.63	2759	2495	22.49
	PC3−	337	−524	0.64	861	761	2.15
	PC3+	367	−492	0.75	859	757	2.04
7. Balancing mid-zygo arch	PC1−	1994	−676	2.95	2670	2583	27.96
	PC1+	1275	−2683	0.48	3958	3549	53.64
	PC2−	955	−2448	0.39	3403	3268	42.16
	PC2+	1912	−1227	1.56	3139	2793	28.54
	PC3−	417	−375	1.11	792	686	1.71
	PC3+	534	−179	2.99	713	699	2.00
8. Working zygo root	PC1−	391	−514	0.76	905	788	2.26
	PC1+	370	−827	0.45	1198	1080	5.07
	PC2−	359	−979	0.37	1339	1202	7.50
	PC2+	316	−835	0.38	1152	1137	4.92
	PC3−	537	−785	0.68	1323	1174	4.96
	PC3+	245	−721	0.34	966	868	4.17
9. Balancing zygo root	PC1−	314	−378	0.83	691	601	1.29
	PC1+	154	−539	0.29	693	644	2.23
	PC2−	240	−608	0.39	848	749	3.03
	PC2+	232	−275	0.84	506	440	0.69
	PC3−	347	−302	1.15	649	566	1.13
	PC3+	101	−287	0.35	387	350	0.64
10. Working infraorbital	PC1−	452	−425	1.06	877	760	2.04
	PC1+	530	−404	1.31	934	811	2.44
	PC2−	385	−211	1.82	596	560	1.12
	PC2+	572	−423	1.35	994	877	2.74
	PC3−	452	−310	1.46	762	671	1.65
	PC3+	575	−479	1.20	1054	916	2.99
11. Balancing infraorbital	PC1−	334	−276	1.21	610	531	1.01
	PC1+	199	−146	1.36	346	304	0.33
	PC2−	374	−193	1.94	530	566	1.02
	PC2+	361	−262	1.38	623	553	1.09
	PC3−	414	−202	2.05	615	574	1.24
	PC3+	477	−351	1.36	828	722	1.92
12. Working nasal margin	PC1−	356	−525	0.66	871	775	2.18
	PC1+	216	−463	0.47	679	625	1.54
	PC2−	351	−891	0.39	1183	1243	5.60
	PC2+	207	−484	0.43	691	639	1.68
	PC3−	311	−701	0.44	1012	934	3.52
	PC3+	284	−812	0.35	1096	1086	4.62

¹Max Prin = maximum principal strain. Min Prin = minimum principal strain. Mode = the absolute value of Max Prin / Min Prin. Max Shear = maximum shear strain. Von Mises = von Mises strain. SED = strain energy density.

²Locations numbered as in Fig. 5.