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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Adolesc Health. 2014 Oct 3;56(1):66–72. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.07.020

Table 3.

Significant associations between SNPs and growth-related outcomes in the longitudinal study.

Group SNP Effect Allele Age at Menarche a Growth Outcome b Subjects Genetic Modelc P- valued P-het. for Racee P-het. for Sexf Consistencyg
I rs7642134 A Early onset Increased weight (shift) EA females Recessive 0.0016 0.042 0.0090 Yes
Increased BMI (shift) EA females Recessive 0.0002 0.0097 0.0007 Yes
I rs7821178 C Later onset More rapid BMI increase (slope) EA males and females combined Recessive 0.0032 0.037 0.99 No
I rs9635759 A Later onset More rapid weight increase (slope) EA males and females combined Dominant 0.0022 0.05 0.44 No
I rs1398217 C Later onset More rapid weight increase (slope) AA males Dominant 0.0022 0.0081 0.0114 No
II rs2815752 A Early onset More rapid weight increase (slope) EA males and females combined Recessive 0.0035 0.74 0.68 Yes
More rapid weight increase (slope) EA females Recessive 0.0006 0.27 0.12 Yes
More rapid BMI increase (slope) EA males and females combined Recessive 0.0025 0.96 0.74 Yes
More rapid BMI increase (slope) EA females Recessive 0.0004 0.22 0.063 Yes
II rs7647305 C Early onset More rapid weight increase (slope) EA males and females combined Recessive 0.0042 0.22 0.85 Yes
More rapid BMI increase (slope) EA males and females combined Additive 0.00002 0.27 0.092 Yes
More rapid BMI increase (slope) EA females Additive 0.0009 0.096 0.58 Yes
II rs9939609 A Early onset Increased BMI (shift) EA males and females combined Dominant 0.0059 0.06 0.08 Yes
III rs6440003 G Early onset More rapid weight increase (slope) AA males and females combined Recessive 0.00004 0.0001 0.81 Yes
More rapid weight increase (slope) AA males Recessive 0.0009 0.0001 0.93 Yes
III rs4549631 T Later onset More rapid height increase (slope) AA males Recessive 0.0011 0.1 0.46 No
III rs757608 G Later onset More rapid weight increase (slope) AA males Recessive 0.00003 0.0001 0.0077 No
More rapid height increase (slope) AA males Recessive 0.0007 0.029 0.38 No
More rapid height increase (slope) EA males and females combined Dominant 0.0042 0.58 0.67 No
III rs4800148 A Early onset Taller childhood height EA males Dominant 0.0018 0.1 0.0423 Yes
a

association of the effect allele with age at menarche in reported GWAS by Elks et al.[22];

b

association of effect allele with growth outcome in our dataset;

c

p-value from the semi-parametric mixed-effect model;

d

Recessive (genotype with 2 copies of effect allele vs. other genotypes), Dominant (genotypes with 1 or 2 copies of effect allele vs. the other genotype), and additive ( 0, 1, 2 copies of effect allele);

e

p-value for heterogeneity by race (SNP*age*race) after adjusting for sex;

f

p-value for heterogeneity by sex (SNP*age*sex) after adjusting for race;

g

the allele associated with early menarche is expected to be associated with higher or fast increase of BMI/weight during childhood and early adolescence, or with taller or faster growth in childhood height.