Table 3.
Overall differences in patient characteristics among non-users, viewers, and interactive users.
| Characteristic | Non-users (n=37) |
Viewers (n=91) |
Interactive users (n=94) | P value for difference among groupsh | |
| Female, n (%) |
|
20 (54.1%) | 44 (48.4%) | 45 (47.9%) | .80 |
| Age, years, mean (median, SD) |
|
62.0 (64, 11.6) | 63.0 (65, 8.8) | 62.8 (65, 8.1) | .88 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Type 1 or 2 diabetesab | 20 (54.1%) | 36 (39.6%) | 47 (50.0%) | .22 |
|
|
Hypertensionac | 24 (64.8%) | 35 (38.5%) | 37 (39.4%) | .01 |
|
|
Hypercholesterolemiaad | 22 (59.5%) | 62 (68.1%) | 55 (58.5%) | .37 |
| Charlson index, n (%) | .51 | ||||
|
|
0 | 15 (40.5%) | 40 (44.0%) | 38 (40.4%) |
|
|
|
1 | 10 (27.0%) | 34 (37.4%) | 35 (37.2%) |
|
|
|
2 | 12 (32.4%) | 17 (18.7%) | 21 (22.3%) |
|
| Chronic diagnoses, mean (median, SD) |
|
2.3 (2, 1.5) | 1.9 (2, 1.8) | 1.9 (2, 1.8) | .22 |
| Physiological health outcomes, mean (median, SD) | |||||
|
|
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)g | 42.4 (41.25, 9.4) | 41.9 (39.8, 8.4) | 44.2 (40.3, 12.7) | .96 |
|
|
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)g | 2.7 (0.8) | 3.0 (1.0) | 3.0 (1.0) | .25 |
|
|
Body mass index (BMI)g | 31.0 (32.0, 5.6) | 31.7 (31.0, 6.7) | 31.5 (30.0, 6.8) | .98 |
|
|
Blood pressure, diastolicg | 82.2 (84.5, 11.8) | 86.5 (87.5, 10.5) | 86.4 (86.5, 10.6) | .17 |
|
|
Blood pressure, systolicg | 139.7 (140.3, 16.3) | 143.7 (142.0, 21.4) | 144.1 (145.0, 17.7) | .50 |
| Patient-reported health, mean (median, SD) | |||||
|
|
SF-36 Physical Health at access | 63.2 (66.0, 22.1) | 65.9 (69.0, 20.4) | 63.5 (66.5, 20.6) | .77 |
|
|
SF-36 Mental Health at access | 75.9 (80.0, 16.3) | 75.8 (80.0, 19.0) | 71.0 (78.5, 22.6) | .59 |
| Monitoring, n (%) | |||||
|
|
At least one HbA1c measuremente | 31 (83.8%) | 57 (62.6%) | 57 (60.6%) | .03 |
|
|
At least one LDL measuremente | 32 (2.48, 86.5%) | 74 (2.83, 81.3%) | 77 (2.81, 81.9%) | .77 |
|
|
At least one BMI measuremente | 31 (83.8%) | 57 (62.6%) | 66 (70.2%) | .06 |
|
|
At least one blood pressure measuremente | 34 (91.9%) | 67 (73.63%) | 77 (81.9%) | .05 |
| Service contacts, mean (median, SD) | |||||
|
|
Doctor visits e | 3.4 (2, 3.5) | 2.9 (2, 2.6) | 3.9 (3, 3.7) | .27 |
|
|
Nurse visitse | 5.2 (4, 3.9) | 3.7 (3, 3.1) | 4.7 (3, 10.8) | .01 |
|
|
Doctor callse | 1.1 (0, 1.6) | 1.3 (1, 1.6) | 1.5 (1, 1.8) | .50 |
|
|
Nurse callse | 1.0 (0, 1.3) | 0.8 (0, 1.4) | 1.0 (1, 1.7) | .13 |
|
|
Referrals to secondary caree | 0.2 (0, 0.7) | 0.4 (0, 0.6) | 0.5 (0, 0.8) | .15 |
| Patient activation (PAM), mean (median, SD) | |||||
|
|
PAM score at access | 63.5 (63.2, 11.7) | 63.8 (66.0, 15.5) | 62.4 (63.2, 15.1) | .84 |
aFrom the time before access to patient portal.
bICD10 codes E10-E14 or ICPC codes T89-T90.
cICD10 codes I10-I15 or ICPC codes K85-K87.
dICD10 codes E78 or ICPC T93.
eDuring the year before access to patient portal.
gAt least one measurement during the year before access to patient portal. If a patient had several measurements, the average is reported.
hChi-square test for the categorical variables and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test for the continuous variables.