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Safety factors (attachment force divided by body weight) generated by L2 and L3 instars of Gastrophysa viridula, attached horizontally and vertically to a Plexiglas drum during centrifugal force tests (mean ± s.d., each instar and position N = 20 individuals, n = 200 runs). Asterisks indicate statistical differences (one-way ANOVA, horizontal: F1,38 = 23.2, p < 0.0001; vertical: F1,35 = 44.1, p < 0.0001).
