Table 2.
Prevalence of ECG abnormalities in the study population
| ECG abnormalities | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Lausanne criteria | P-wave | |
| Left atrial enlargement | a | |
| Right atrial enlargement | a | |
|
| ||
| QRS complex | ||
| QRS axis deviation | 4.8 (3.9 to 5.7) | |
| Increased voltage | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.7) | |
| Pathological Q-waves | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) | |
| Right or left bundle branch block | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.0) | |
| R or R’ wave in lead V1 | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.6) | |
|
| ||
| ST-segment, T-waves, and QT-interval | ||
| ST-segment depression, T-wave flattening, or inversion in two or more leads | 3.1 (2.4 to 3.8) | |
| Prolongation of heart rate-corrected QT interval | 7.3 (6.2 to 8.3) | |
|
| ||
| Rhythm and conduction abnormalities | ||
| Premature ventricular beats or more severe ventricular arrhythmias | 1.9 (1.4 to 2.5) | |
| Supraventricular tachycardias, atrial flutter, or atrial fibrillation | 0.6 (0.3 to 0.9) | |
| Short PR interval | 2.8 (2.1 to 3.4) | |
| Sinus bradycardia | a | |
| First-, second-, or third-degree atrioventricular block | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.2) | |
| Any Lausanne abnormality | 19.0 (17 to 21) | |
|
| ||
| MEANS diagnosis | Myocardial infarction | 2.0 (1.4 to 2.5) |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | 0.2 (0.0 to 0.4) | |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 0.6 (0.3 to 0.9) | |
| Left and right bundle branch block | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.3) | |
| ST-segment and/or T-wave abnormalities | 3.1 (2.4 to 3.8) | |
| Second and third atrioventricular blocks | 0.2 (0.0 to 0.4) | |
a
Not calculated because fewer than five individuals. HR = hazard ratio.